Short communication: High insulin concentrations inhibit fatty acid oxidation-related gene expression in calf hepatocytes cultured in vitro

Li, P.; Wu, Chang‐Chieh; Long, Miao; Zhang, Y.; Li, X.B.; He, Jianbin; Wang, Z.; Liu, G.W.

doi:10.3168/jds.2012-6160

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The increase mRNA expression of CPT-1 observed in present study was in agreement with Loor et al (2005), who observed increased CPT mRNA expression in dairy cattle liver 1 day post-partum, when the animal was in the status of energy negative balance. Furthermore, the change trend of insulin and CPT-1 mRNA expression in present study was consistent with Li et al (2013), who argued that high levels of insulin significantly inhibited the expression of genes related to fatty acid oxidation in calf hepatocytes. HSL is considered as a rate limiting enzyme in catabolism of fatty acids from intracellular triacylglycerol (Stralfors et al, 1987).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Starvation on Lipid Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis in Yak

Peng

Luo

et al. 2016

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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This research was conducted to investigate the physiological consequences of undernourished yak. Twelve Maiwa yak (110.3±5.85 kg) were randomly divided into two groups (baseline and starvation group). The yak of baseline group were slaughtered at day 0, while the other group of yak were kept in shed without feed but allowed free access to water, salt and free movement for 9 days. Blood samples of the starvation group were collected on day 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 and the starved yak were slaughtered after the final blood sample collection. The liver and muscle glycogen of the starvation group decreased (p<0.01), and the lipid content also decreased while the content of moisture and ash increased (p<0.05) both in Longissimus dorsi and liver compared with the baseline group. The plasma insulin and glucose of the starved yak decreased at first and then kept stable but at a relatively lower level during the following days (p<0.01). On the contrary, the non-esterified fatty acids was increased (p<0.01). Beyond our expectation, the ketone bodies of β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid decreased with prolonged starvation (p<0.01). Furthermore, the mRNA expression of lipogenetic enzyme fatty acid synthase and lipoprotein lipase in subcutaneous adipose tissue of starved yak were down-regulated (p<0.01), whereas the mRNA expression of lipolytic enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 and hormone sensitive lipase were up-regulated (p<0.01) after 9 days of starvation. The phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and pyruvate carboxylase, responsible for hepatic gluconeogenesis were up-regulated (p<0.01). It was concluded that yak derive energy by gluconeogenesis promotion and fat storage mobilization during starvation but without ketone body accumulation in the plasma.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Starvation on Lipid Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis in Yak

Peng

Luo

et al. 2016

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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“…Furthermore, the serum NEFA concentrations in dairy cows with severe NEB have always been found to be above 1.5 mmol/L [21]. The liver is the most metabolically active organ that metabolizes NEFA in cows, and the oxidative metabolism of NEFA in the liver of NEB cows may be important for providing enough energy to restore a positive energy balance [21,22]. However, excessive concentrations of NEFA cannot be fully oxidized by the liver and could result in the development of fatty liver and ketosis [1,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…At normal conditions, the serum NEFA was lower than 0.4 mmol/L in dairy cows, but this was always greater than 0.5 mmol/L in dairy cows during the periparturient period [20]. Furthermore, the serum NEFA concentrations in dairy cows with severe NEB have always been found to be above 1.5 mmol/L [21]. The liver is the most metabolically active organ that metabolizes NEFA in cows, and the oxidative metabolism of NEFA in the liver of NEB cows may be important for providing enough energy to restore a positive energy balance [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-esterified fatty acids promote expression and secretion of angiopoietin-like protein 4 in calf hepatocytes cultured in vitro

et al. 2014

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An elevated plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentration is an important indicator of negative energy balance, which is often associated with metabolic diseases such as fatty liver and ketosis. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is a hepatokine that plays important roles in the regulation of lipid metabolism. However, the direct effects of high concentrations of NEFA on ANGPTL4 expression and secretion in hepatocytes from cows are not entirely clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different NEFA concentrations on ANGPTL4 expression and secretion in calf hepatocytes cultured in vitro. NEFA was added to the culture solution at final concentrations of 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, and 2.4 mmol/L. After 24 h of continuous culture, ANGPTL4 mRNA and protein expression levels in the hepatocytes were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. ANGPTL4 secretion in the supernatant was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed similar levels of ANGPTL4 expression and secretion following treatment with 0.6 and 1.2 mmol/L NEFA, which were higher than those observed for the controls (P < 0.05). ANGPTL4 expression and secretion were also similar at 1.8 and 2.4 mmol/L NEFA and significantly higher than those observed for controls (P < 0.01). These data suggest that high concentrations of NEFA significantly promote ANGPTL4 expression and secretion in bovine hepatocytes. In particular, this promotion occurs in a dose-dependent manner and may be involved in the pathological processes of energy metabolism disorders of dairy cows in the peripartum period.

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“…Gene expression of CPT1A is regulated by long chain FA, and their presence markedly increased mRNA abundance of CPT1A in cultured rat hepatocytes [ 66 ]. Additionally, in neonatal bovine hepatocytes, CPT1A mRNA and CPT1A protein abundance were strongly correlated [ 67 ]. Conversely, neither CC or DLM affected the expression of CPT1A in this experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choline and methionine differentially alter methyl carbon metabolism in bovine neonatal hepatocytes

Chandler

White

2017

PLoS ONE

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Intersections in hepatic methyl group metabolism pathways highlights potential competition or compensation of methyl donors. The objective of this experiment was to examine the expression of genes related to methyl group transfer and lipid metabolism in response to increasing concentrations of choline chloride (CC) and DL-methionine (DLM) in primary neonatal hepatocytes that were or were not exposed to fatty acids (FA). Primary hepatocytes isolated from 4 neonatal Holstein calves were maintained as monolayer cultures for 24 h before treatment with CC (61, 128, 2028, and 4528 μmol/L) and DLM (16, 30, 100, 300 μmol/L), with or without a 1 mmol/L FA cocktail in a factorial arrangement. After 24 h of treatment, media was collected for quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and cell lysates were collected for quantification of gene expression. No interactions were detected between CC, DLM, or FA. Both CC and DLM decreased the expression of methionine adenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A). Increasing CC did not alter betaine-homocysteine S-methyltranferase (BHMT) but did increase 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase (MTR) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) expression. Increasing DLM decreased expression of BHMT and MTR, but did not affect MTHFR. Expression of both phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) were decreased by increasing CC and DLM, while carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) was unaffected by either. Treatment with FA decreased the expression of MAT1A, MTR, MTHFR and tended to decrease PEMT but did not affect BHMT and MTTP. Treatment with FA increased CPT1A expression. Increasing CC increased secretion of VLDL and decreased the accumulation of ROS in media. Within neonatal bovine hepatocytes, choline and methionine differentially regulate methyl carbon pathways and suggest that choline may play a critical role in donating methyl groups to support methionine regeneration. Stimulating VLDL export and decreasing ROS accumulation suggests that increasing CC is hepato-protective.

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Short communication: High insulin concentrations inhibit fatty acid oxidation-related gene expression in calf hepatocytes cultured in vitro

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of Starvation on Lipid Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis in Yak

Effects of Starvation on Lipid Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis in Yak

Non-esterified fatty acids promote expression and secretion of angiopoietin-like protein 4 in calf hepatocytes cultured in vitro

Choline and methionine differentially alter methyl carbon metabolism in bovine neonatal hepatocytes

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