Short-circuit modeling of inverter based distributed generators considering the FRT requirements

Strezoski, Luka; Prica, Marija; Katić, Vladimir; Dumnić, Boris

doi:10.1109/naps.2016.7747900

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Depending on the way of the connection to the system, DERs can be divided into four types [88,90]. 1) Type 1: synchronous machine directly connected to the system, e.g.…”

Section: Control Strategies Implemented In Different Dersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the international standards for fault calculations [105][106][107] do not provide suitable models for emerging DERs, as they use the traditional induction machine models for representing DFIMs, and provide only brief and inaccurate instructions for modeling IBDERs without considering the FRT requirements. However, in the recent literature, several promising solutions for IBDER and DFIM models have been proposed [88,90,[111][112][113][114][115], and the proposed models cover several different cases of IBDER and DFIM operation. Therefore, if properly integrated in DMS calculations, these models would be able to represent emerging DERs with high precision in any operating mode, and in that way, avoid inaccurate results.…”

Section: Frt Requirements For Emerging Dersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even more precise IBDER fault models were proposed in [88,90]. These models are based on German FRT requirements and consist of ideal current sources, where the current values are calculated based on the estimated voltages at the PCCs of IBDERs when the fault occurs.…”

Section: Faulted System Statementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In accordance with German FRT requirements for reactive current injection, as shown in Fig. 5, the reactive component of the IBDERs fault current is calculated based on this voltage, while the active component is calculated based on the known fault current limit as well as on the pre-calculated reactive component [90]. The current limit is considered to be 1.5 of the rated value, in accordance to [27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Faulted System Statementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the DFIM modeling, the algorithm from [88] was used for determining which model should be used. For the IBDER, it is assumed that the German FRT requirements are imposed, thus the models from [90] were used. Three-phase short-circuits were simulated at busses 671 and 680.…”

Section: Scc Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling challenges and potential solutions for integration of emerging DERs in DMS applications: power flow and short-circuit analysis

Strezoski

Vojnović

Strezoski

et al. 2019

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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We aim to systematically review challenges imposed by emerging distributed energy resources (DERs) to model in two basic distribution management system (DMS) online applications-power flow and short-circuit analysis, as well as to offer a systematic review of potential solutions. In the last decade, electronically coupled DERs became increasingly popular. DERs can employ a wide range of control strategies for power, current, or voltage control, in both normal and faulted conditions. Therefore, DERs cannot be modeled with the traditional PQ (load or generator bus), and PV (generator bus) bus types used for modeling synchronous and induction machines in online power flow calculations. Moreover, because fault currents of DERs are limited to predefined maximal values, electronically coupled DERs cannot be represented with traditional voltage source behind impedance models for online short-circuit calculation (SCC). However, most of the DMS software packages still use the traditional models to represent all DER types, including those that are electronically coupled. This paper shows that there will be high calculation errors in such practice, which makes the system model be an inadequate representation of the system. And this will lead to serious errors in managing, control, and operation of distribution systems. Nonetheless, potential solutions to the challenges are systematically reviewed. Finally, calculation results on a distribution test system with all DER types are used to prove the claim.

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“…Depending on the way of the connection to the system, DERs can be divided into four types [88,90]. 1) Type 1: synchronous machine directly connected to the system, e.g.…”

Section: Control Strategies Implemented In Different Dersmentioning

confidence: 99%