Short and Long-Term Solubility, Alkalizing Effect, and Thermal Persistence of Premixed Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers: AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer vs. Total Fill BC Sealer

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the short- and long-term solubility, alkalizing potential, and suitability for warm-vertical compaction of AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer (AHBC), and Total Fill BC Sealer (TFBC) compared to the epoxy-resin sealer AH Plus (AHP). A solubility test was performed according to ISO specification 6876 and further similar to ISO requirements over a period of 1 month in distilled water (AD) and 4 months in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The pH of the immersion solution was determined weekly. Sealers were exposed to thermal treatment at 37, 57, 67, and 97 °C for 30 s. Furthermore, heat treatment at 97 °C was performed for 180 s to simulate inappropriate implementation of warm vertical filling techniques. Physical properties (setting time, flow, film thickness according to ISO 6876) and chemical properties (Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy) were assessed. AHBC and TFBC were associated with significantly higher solubility than AHP over 1 month in AD and 4 months in PBS (p < 0.05). AHBC and TFBC both reached high initial alkaline pH, while TFBC was associated with a longer-lasting alkaline potential than AHBC. Initial pH of AHBC and TFBC was higher in AD than in PBS. None of the sealers were compromised by thermal treatment.

Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Premixed Calcium Silicate and Resin Sealers

“…It is important to highlight that the alkaline pH may play an important role in terms of antibacterial activity and healing processes [ 16 , 24 , 25 ]. Accordingly, similar pH values for AHP and AHPD were reported in previous studies [ 8 , 20 ]. In the present study, WRST demonstrated slightly higher pH values than those reported by Yamauchi et al [ 18 ].…”

“…AH Plus Bioceramic (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) is a novel premixed bioceramic sealer, which has been introduced in the dental market. This sealer contains a reactive tricalcium silicate, but with a lower percentage of calcium silicate compared to existent bioceramic sealers due to the absence of di-calcium silicate within its composition [ 20 ]. Well-Root ST (Vericom, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-Do, Korea) is a further modern premixed CS sealer, which contains calcium aluminosilicate as the reactive compound [ 21 ].…”

Effect of Different Sealers on the Cytocompatibility and Osteogenic Potential of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study

“…Both calcium-silicate-based sealers presented alkaline pH values at all observation periods ( Figure 8 ), which agrees with a recent report [ 62 ]. At day 1 and after 14 days, Endosequence BC Sealer HiFlow showed significantly higher pH values than VDW.1Seal.…”

Heat-Induced Changes in the Physical Properties of a New Premixed Calcium Silicate-Containing Root Canal Sealer: An In Vitro Study

“…Some studies have demonstrated that heating these sealers reduces the setting time and flow [8,21,22] and increases solubility [23], making proper filling challenging. In contrast, other studies have shown that heating has minimal impact on the sealers' physicochemical properties [18,24,25]. Thus, whether and how heat application influences the physicochemical properties of various CSCSs warrants further investigation.…”