Short- and Long-Term Effects of Parent Training for Preschool Children With or at Risk of ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

PT was partially supported as an efficacious intervention for preschool children with ADHD or ADHD symptoms with moderate ESs on parent-rated outcomes, but no significant results on independently assessed ADHD symptoms.

Preschool children's response to behavioural parent training and parental predictors of outcome in routine clinical care

“…Fathers and mothers reported significant and large improvements of children's behaviours after BPT, both in intensity and number of problematic behaviours (effect sizes ranged from 0.51-0.87). Especially the father reports on child outcome are informative, as these reports are scarce (Rimestad et al, 2016). Although we did not include a control group in our study design, the significant improvements after BPT stand out from the non-significant changes during the waiting list period.…”

“…Behavioral parent training (BPT) is a first-line treatment for preschool children with disruptive behaviours (Charach, Carson, Fox, Ali, Beckett, & Lim, 2013;Comer, Chow, Chan, Cooper-Vince, & Wilson, 2013;LaForett, Murray, & Kollins, 2008;Mulqueen, Bartley, & Bloch, 2013), and its efficacy has been confirmed in meta-analyses (Charach et al, 2013;Comer et al, 2013;Mulqueen et al, 2013;Rimestad, Lambek, Zacher Christiansen, & Hougaard, 2016). BPT aims to decrease disruptive behaviour problems in children by enhancing parenting skills.…”

Parenting practices of Singaporean mothers of children with ADHD

“…48 A recent systematic review and meta-analysis which assessed the effects of parent training for pre-school children with, or at risk of, ADHD showed a moderate effects size for reduced ADHD symptoms which was sustained at 3-12 month follow-up. 5 This review found no moderation effect for programme type.…”

“…It is estimated that 2% to 6% of pre-schoolers meet the criteria. 5 A worldwide review found an ADHD prevalence rate of 5.29% with a range from about 1.5% to 10%, with the variability attributed partly to differences in the two main internationally recognised guidelines for diagnosis -the International Classification of Diseases and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 1 Gender differences have been found, with the ratio of males to females ranging from 2:1 to 10:1.…”

Parents in Control: Parental perceptions of problem behaviors before and after attending an ADHD‐specific parent‐training program

“…Several studies demonstrate positive outcomes following parent-training programs in the preschool age group (Lange et al, 2018;Rimestad, Lambek, Zacher Christiansen, & Hougaard, 2016;Webster-Stratton, Reid, & Beauchaine, 2011), but evidence for parent-training interventions in the management of ADHD in preadolescents is variable (Kleve et al, 2011;MTA Cooperative Group, 1999;Sayal et al, 2016;Stattin, Enebrink, Özdemir, & Giannotta, 2015;Zwi, Jones, Thorgaard, York, & Dennis, 2011). Several studies demonstrate positive outcomes following parent-training programs in the preschool age group (Lange et al, 2018;Rimestad, Lambek, Zacher Christiansen, & Hougaard, 2016;Webster-Stratton, Reid, & Beauchaine, 2011), but evidence for parent-training interventions in the management of ADHD in preadolescents is variable (Kleve et al, 2011;MTA Cooperative Group, 1999;Sayal et al, 2016;Stattin, Enebrink, Özdemir, & Giannotta, 2015;Zwi, Jones, Thorgaard, York, & Dennis, 2011).…”