Short and Long-Term Effects of Growth Hormone in Children and Adolescents With GH Deficiency

Ranke, Michael B.

doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.720419

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 208 publications

(250 reference statements)

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“…The medication has been historically associated with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease linked to contaminated human GH obtained from the cadaveric human pituitary gland. Cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease associated with GH treatment are no longer a concern since the transition to recombinant human GH (rhGH) in 1985 ( 47 ).…”

Section: Proposed Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying and addressing disparities in the evaluation and treatment of children with growth hormone deficiency

Beliard¹,

Wu²,

Samuels³

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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Health disparities are a significant cause of concern globally and in the United States. Disparities have been additionally highlighted throughout the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic during which populations of color have been the most affected by the disease. Social determinants of health, race, ethnicity, and gender have all contributed to disparate outcomes and disparities spanning all age groups. Multiple socio-ecological factors contribute to disparities and different strategies have been proposed. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of disparities in pediatric treatment and outcomes, with a focus on children with endocrine disorders.

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Section: Proposed Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying and addressing disparities in the evaluation and treatment of children with growth hormone deficiency

Beliard¹,

Wu²,

Samuels³

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Testing IGF-1 has some advantages (IGF-system peptides are stable during the day, and it is used as a long-term biomarker during GH replacement therapy), but its level in blood is also dependent on many other factors, for instance, nutritional status, other diseases (diabetes, hypothyroidism, renal failure), and other conditions could be the reason for low IGF-1. We emphasize that interpretation of all diagnostic methods is valuable for a correct final diagnosis, as well as IGF-1 [7,[14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these patients, the median difference between CA and BA was 16 months. The age difference between the 3 subgroups was 14 (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) months in the IGHD group, 19 (12-26.5) months in the MPHD group, and 25.5 (22.5-27.5) months in the PH group.…”

Section: Bone Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of paediatric hypopituitarism patients in Latvia: a single-centre 25-year retrospective study

Kornete¹,

Grunte²,

Zakis³

2022

pedm

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Introduction: Hypopituitarism is a chronic disease characterized by partial or complete absence of secretion of one or more pituitary hormones. Delayed diagnosis can have serious consequences during the neonatal period and adulthood. Material and methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who had started treatment in the Children's Clinical University Hospital from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2020. In total 243 patients were included; they were divided into 3 subgroups: isolated growth hormone deficiency, multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, and panhypopituitarism. Results: The prevalence of hypopituitarism in Latvia is about 45 cases per 100,000 live births. The average detection age of abnormal growth in Latvia is 8 years and 3 months. Most cases had isolated growth hormone deficiency, at 67.1% (n = 163), followed by cases of multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, at 26.3% (n = 64), and cases of panhypopituitarism, at 6.6% (n = 16). Abnormalities in MRI were found in 44.7% (n = 101) of patients. The most best therapeutic effect was achieved in the first year of treatment: with growth of an average of 9.3 cm (+0.1 SD) for isolated growth hormone deficiency, 9.0 cm (+0.6 SD) for multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, and 11.7 cm (+1SD) for patients with panhypopituitarism. Conclusions: It is important to increase awareness and promote early diagnosis for hypopituitarism patients in Latvia and in Europe. More attention should be paid to education about growth restriction problems to parents, caregivers, and other specialists. The treatment should be adjusted individually with the focus not only on physical and mental health but also on safety and treatment costs.

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“…The diagnosis of severe GH deficiency depends on patient age (childhood, transition, adult) and may be influenced by BMI and the presence and/or replacement of other pituitary deficits ( 88 , 102 ). GH replacement has a beneficial effect on growth, body composition, and neurophysiological outcome ( 103 ), and does not influence the risk of CP relapse ( 104 ). Despite GH replacement being suspected to worsen OSA in adults, this remains controversial ( 105 ).…”

Section: Prevention and Treatment Of Sleep Disorders In Patients With...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Disorders in Patients With Craniopharyngioma: A Physiopathological and Practical Update

et al. 2022

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Sleep disorders (SDs) represent an important issue in patients with craniopharyngioma (CP). Nearly 70% of these patients complain of sleep-wake cycle alterations and/or excessive diurnal somnolence due to sleep-related breathing disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and/or central hypersomnia, including secondary narcolepsy. SDs may severely reduce quality of life, increase disease-related cardiorespiratory and cardiovascular morbidity, and finally play a major role in increased long-term mortality reported on patients with CP. A major risk factor for SDs is represented by the hypothalamic syndrome, which may develop because of direct hypothalamic damage by the tumor itself and/or complications of the treatments, neurosurgery and/or radiotherapy, and typically includes permanent neuroendocrine dysfunctions, morbid obesity, and secondary metabolic disorders. Despite increasing attention to SDs in the general population, and in particular to OSA as a risk factor for cardio-metabolic diseases and excessive daytime somnolence, sleep evaluation is still not routinely proposed to patients with CP. Hence, SDs are often underdiagnosed and undertreated. The aim of this paper is to update current knowledge of the pathogenesis and prevalence of SDs in patients with CP and propose practical algorithms for their evaluation and management in clinical practice. Particular attention is paid to screening and diagnostic tools for appropriate characterization of SDs, identification of risk factors, and potential role of hypothalamic sparing surgery in the prevention of morbid obesity and SDs. Available tools in sleep medicine, including lifestyle interventions, drugs, and respiratory devices, are discussed, as well as the importance of optimal hormone replacement and metabolic interventions. Current limits in the diagnosis and treatment of SDs in patients with CP and possible future avenues for research agenda are also considered.

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Short and Long-Term Effects of Growth Hormone in Children and Adolescents With GH Deficiency

Cited by 31 publications

References 208 publications

Identifying and addressing disparities in the evaluation and treatment of children with growth hormone deficiency

Identifying and addressing disparities in the evaluation and treatment of children with growth hormone deficiency

Characteristics of paediatric hypopituitarism patients in Latvia: a single-centre 25-year retrospective study

Sleep Disorders in Patients With Craniopharyngioma: A Physiopathological and Practical Update

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