Shore Displacement at Stockholm During the Last 1000 Years

Engel

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

et al. 2011

Holocene coastal evolution has been extensively studied by workers from various earth science disciplines, particularly sedimentologists and geomorphologists. Some of these studies have focused on the history of regional sea-level changes in various ocean basins and the mechanisms – such as eustasy, glacio-isostasy, sediment compaction, neotectonics and climatic forces – involved in such changes. Although beach ridges have been used to identify steps in coastal evolution, only in a few cases have beach ridge systems been investigated with respect to event histories (for example, cyclones and tsunamis). Beach ridge systems, however, belong to the most promising geo-archives for the study of climate change and sea-level variations over the Holocene, as well as for deciphering event histories. This paper presents examples of some studies in this field, in relation to a global overview of beach ridge systems and their morphological characteristics.

Section: Worldwide Distribution Of Wide Beach Ridge Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beach ridge systems – archives for Holocene coastal events?

Engel

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

et al. 2011

The separation of fluctuation and long-term change in vegetation dynamics of a rising seashore

Crämer

Hytteborn

1987

Vegetatio

Field layer vegetation in four transects across a rising seashore of the island Skabbholmen (59°47'N, 19°12'E) in the Stockholm archipelago, eastern central Sweden, was sampled at the beginning and end of a six-year period. The data were analyzed by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) with two external predictor variables, year of sampling and elevation (a proxy for the longer-term trend of change). During the sampling period, the vegetation changed in the direction of the longer-term trend at a rate consistent with the known rate of land uplift. However, a major part of the observed change was in a different direction, reflecting a shorter-term response to disturbance. The analysis effectively separated different types of floristic dynamics related to processes with different time-scales. A comparison with (unconstrained) correspondence analysis (DCA) illustrated the interpretive advantages of multivariate direct gradient analysis over conventional floristic ordination.

Long-term Heavy Metal Loading to Near-Shore Lake Sediments

Olli

Destouni

2008

Water Air Soil Pollut

Long-term sediment pollution by lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) is investigated in Karlskärsviken, a typical bay of Lake Mälaren, about 10 km northwest of Stockholm. We find that metal accumulation rates in the sediments of Karlskärsviken increase considerably more in the outer than in the inner bay section, all the time since medieval times and even more so after than before industrialisation. Resulting metal accumulation rates are dominated by increasing sediment accumulation rate and its spatial-temporal patterns. This indicates significant waterborne metal pollution contributions to the bay sediments, which continue until present times and are still increasing for Zn and Cu. The outer Karlskärsviken bay section is then mainly affected by regional waterborne discharges, while the inner bay section is mainly affected by local discharges, in addition to the atmospheric deposition that affects the whole bay and Lake Mälaren similarly. The present results indicate possible important shortcomings in environmental regulation, management and monitoring systems that consider only sediment concentration levels and neglect pollutant accumulation rates and diffuse metal load contributions from slow subsurface transport into surface water environments.