Shoot Regeneration from Leaf Explants of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal

Optimizing factors affecting adventitious shoot regeneration, in vitro flowering and fruiting of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal

“…Thus, kinetin at 2.0 mg l −1 was used for subsequent experiments. The effectiveness of kinetin on shoot regeneration has also been reported in a number of plants including W. somnifera (Joshi and Padhya, 2010;Rout et al, 2011).…”

“…Thus, addition of sucrose to the culture medium (carbon source) is essential for the best rooting of W. somnifera. In previous studies, the highest percentage of root induction was achieved when sucrose (30 g l −1 ) was used as a carbon source in the rooting media (Sivanesan and Murugesan, 2005;Sivanesan, 2007;Joshi and Padhya, 2010;Udayakumar et al, 2013). In this study, the greatest frequency of rooting (100%), with the highest number of roots induced per shoot (14.1), and average root length (8.6 cm) were obtained when the regenerated shoots were cultured on the half-strength MS medium containing 2.0 mg l −1 IBA and 15 g l −1 sucrose (Fig.…”

“…Mostly IBA (2.0 mg l −1 ) has been used to induce in vitro rooting in W. somnifera (Rani et al, 2003;Sivanesan 2007;Joshi and Padhya 2010;Udayakumar et al, 2013). The effect of different concentrations of sucrose on root induction was not reported previously.…”

“…High nutrient levels are often inhibitory to adventitious root initiation (George et al, 2008). Thus, reduced strength of medium is frequently employed for rooting of in vitro-regenerated shoots (Sha Valli Khan et al, 1999;Sivanesan, 2007;Joshi and Padhya, 2010). Auxin is one of the major PGRs responsible for the induction of adventitious roots.…”

Overexpression of squalene synthase in Withania somnifera leads to enhanced withanolide biosynthesis

“…For large scale cultivation, in vitro regeneration has been widely studied in W. somnifera using various explants like axillary meristems (Roja et al 1991), mature leaf (Joshi and Padhya 2010), shoot tips (Ray and Jha 2001), hypocotyl (Rani et al 2003), and others (Ghimire et al 2010;Logesh et al 2010;Sharma et al 2010). But there are few reports where nodal explants have been used for the regeneration and shoot multiplication in W. somnifera (Kumar et al 2011;Sivanandhan et al 2011).…”