Shoot-Formation Model as a Basis for Adaptations of Flowering Plants

Savinykh, N. P.; Shabalkina, S. V.

doi:10.1134/s1995425520030105

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solanum dulcamara (Solanaceae) is a wild relative of tomato and evolved in Northern Eurasia. It is a morphologically plastic, woody, perennial plant with phenotypes including shrubs and vines (Savinykh and Konovalova 2019;Savinykh and Shabalkina 2020). S. dulcamara grows in a modular fashion and is found in contrasting environments, from flooded plains to dry dunes (Zhuravlyeva and Savinykh 2014;Calf et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steroidal glycoside profile differences among primary roots system and adventitious roots in Solanum dulcamara

Chiocchio

Andrés

Anaia

et al. 2023

Planta

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Main conclusion Solanum dulcamara primary and adventitious roots showed qualitative and quantitative differences in their steroidal glycosides profile. This opened new venues to evaluate the bioactivity of these molecules in belowground ecosystems. Abstract The Solanum genus is characterized by the presence of steroidal glycosides (SGs) that confer herbivore resistance and serve as drug precursors in the pharmaceutical industry. Solanum dulcamara is a self-compatible, sexually reproducing species that produces seeds after buzz-pollination. In addition, primordia on the stem facilitate clonal propagation via adventitious root (AR) formation. ARs contain aerenchyma being developmentally and morphologically different from primary roots (PRs). Therefore, we hypothesized that ARs and PRs have different SG profiles. Aiming to assess differences in SGs profiles in S. dulcamara roots in relation to their origins and morphologies, we used liquid chromatography coupled to electron spray ionization quadruple time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-qToF-MS) to profile SGs from PRs and ARs of seven S. dulcamara individuals. Mass fragmentation pattern analysis indicated the presence of 31 SG-type structures, including those with spirostans and furostans moieties. We assigned the 31 structures to 9 classes of steroidal aglycons (SAgls) that differ in hydroxylation and degree of unsaturation. We found that SAgls were conjugated with di-, tri- and tetra saccharides whereby one compound contained a malonylated sugar. Principle component analysis showed that SG profiles of PRs and ARs separated on the first principal component, supporting our hypothesis. Specifically, PRs contain higher number of SGs than ARs with some compounds exclusively present in PRs. Our results reveal a high level of novel chemodiversity in PRs and ARs of Solanum dulcamara. The knowledge gained will deepen our understanding of SGs biosynthesis and their functional role in plant-environment interactions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroidal glycoside profile differences among primary roots system and adventitious roots in Solanum dulcamara

Chiocchio

Andrés

Anaia

et al. 2023

Planta

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“…Earlier [3] the role of a sympodial long-shoot model of shoot formation in forming shoot systems and in evolution of grasses of seasonal climate was shown. This paper considers possible changes in biomorphs with a monopodial rosette model which appear per gradient of moisture increase: a floodplain meadow -shores, shore fronts -the water line -a water body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A monopodial rosette model of shoot formation as a program of secondary-aquatic grasses appearing

Savinykh

Shabalkina

2021

BIO Web Conf.

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On the basis of comparative morphological analysis of the structure of life forms the concept “key biomorph” is offered; it is a mien of a plant which reflects adaptation to the conditions of a definite habitat (a static aspect, a model) and a definite stage in evolutional changes of biomorphs (a dynamical / evolutional aspect). The paper shows a comparative morphological range of key biomorphs in accordance with a monopodial rosette model of shoot formation per gradient of moisture increase in the direction: a floodplain meadow – shores, shore fronts – the water line – a water body. Polygonum bistorta is considered the original key biomorph, changes in it could occur in three lines: 1) Polygonum bistorta – Butomus umbellatus – Nuphar lutea; 2) Polygonum bistorta – Scirpus lacustris – Eleocharis palustris; 3) Polygonum bistorta – Limosella aquatica – Stratiotes aloides. It seems that appearing of secondary-aquatic grasses with a monopodial rosette model of shoot formation was provided by the following modes of morphological evolution: deviation on the shoot level; abbreviation of the bud stage in shoot formation, in forming a part of the shoot (inflorescence), in the anatomic structure of the shoot and the ontogenesis of the original plant; prolongation of the bud phase in shoot development and ontogenesis of the genet.

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Shoot Formation of Epilobium Hirsutum L. In Connection With the Adaptation of Herbs of the Seasonal Climate to the Conditions of Variable Humidification / Watering

Savinyh¹,

Коновалова²

2021

Transactions of Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters RAS

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One of the fundamental problems of modern biology is the identification of adaptations of organisms to existence in different environments of the biosphere, the mechanisms and methods of the formation of their adaptations. A comparative analysis of shoot formation and ontogenesis of individuals makes it possible to reveal these features in plant biomorphs, including during the development of reservoirs by herbs by mesophytes. The article describes the shoot formation of the hygromesophyte Epilobium hirsutum L. The development and structural-functional zoning of shoots were assessed from the standpoint of modular organization and compared with the peculiarities of shoots formation in mesophytic and hydrophyte grasses. Shown: their similarity with monocarpic shoots of mesophytic herbs at the initial stages; further prolongation in the form of basipetal development through heterochronies and heterotopies with the development of lateral sylleptic shoots as in hydrophytes; increasing the area of the assimilating surface of an individual and ensuring the autonomy of individual shoot systems due to this with early morphological disintegration of the individual. It is proposed to distinguish the following stages in the development of the terrestrial part of the shoot system: vegetative uniaxial shoot - monocarpic shoot - disjunctive system of monopodial shoot - synflorescence system (double heterothetical frondose-frondular brush) at the shoot apex and replacement shoots in the transitional phase of its development in the zone of renewal , broken by the middle zone of inhibition, is more multicomponent and branched in comparison with those in mesohygrophytes like Veronica longifolia L., but less complexity than in hydrophytes - the aquatic form of V. anagallis-aquatica L. It is noted that the early transformation of the universal module (monocarpic shoot) into the main module (the shoot system formed on its basis) is provided by polyvariance in the development of leaf rudiments and axillary structures of elementary modules (elementary metameres) in connection with the conditions of the location of the apex and demonstrates possible mechanisms of adaptation of flowering plants with a sympodial long-shoot model of shoot formation to life in water bodies: abbreviation of ontogeny of an individual and monocarpity of ramet with polycarpicity of an organism (prolongation of ontogeny of an individual).

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Shoot-Formation Model as a Basis for Adaptations of Flowering Plants

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Steroidal glycoside profile differences among primary roots system and adventitious roots in Solanum dulcamara

Steroidal glycoside profile differences among primary roots system and adventitious roots in Solanum dulcamara

A monopodial rosette model of shoot formation as a program of secondary-aquatic grasses appearing

Shoot Formation of Epilobium Hirsutum L. In Connection With the Adaptation of Herbs of the Seasonal Climate to the Conditions of Variable Humidification / Watering

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