Shock Waves in Collisionless Plasmas

Tidman, D. A.; Krall, Nicholas A.; Dryer, M.

doi:10.1119/1.1986755

Cited by 136 publications

(80 citation statements)

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“…is the downstream electron pressure, P e 0 (ϕ, Γ) = 1/(1+Γ)(e ϕ Erfc √ ϕ+ 2 ϕ/π − 1) is the upstream electron pressure, and Shock solutions can be found for Ψ(ϕ) < 0, allowing for a complete description of the shock properties [23]. Ion reflection from the shock front will occur when the electrostatic potential across the shock exceeds the kinetic energy of the upstream ions, eφ > (1/2)m i v 2 sh , which corresponds to the critical value…”

Section: A Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion acceleration from laser-driven electrostatic shocks

Fiúza¹,

Stockem²,

Boella³

et al. 2013

Physics of Plasmas

134

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Multi-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are used to study the generation of electrostatic shocks in plasma and the reflection of background ions to produce high-quality and high-energy ion beams. Electrostatic shocks are driven by the interaction of two plasmas with different density and/or relative drift velocity. The energy and number of ions reflected by the shock increase with increasing density ratio and relative drift velocity between the two interacting plasmas. It is shown that the interaction of intense lasers with tailored near-critical density plasmas allows for the efficient heating of the plasma electrons and steepening of the plasma profile at the critical density interface, leading to the generation of high-velocity shock structures and high-energy ion beams. Our results indicate that high-quality 200 MeV shock-accelerated ion beams required for medical applications may be obtained with current laser systems.

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Section: A Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion acceleration from laser-driven electrostatic shocks

Fiúza¹,

Stockem²,

Boella³

et al. 2013

Physics of Plasmas

134

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show abstract

“…In between, the simulation box contains the shock transition, which is at rest in average. In other words, we work in the so-called shock frame of theoretical studies (Tidman and Krall , 1971). Our shock frame is also the so-called normal incidence frame where the upstream velocity is parallel to the shock normal.…”

Section: Initializationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron cyclotron microinstability in the foot of a perpendicular shock: A self-consistent PIC simulation

Muschietti

Lembège²

2006

Advances in Space Research

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We have performed one-dimensional full particle simulations of perpendicular shocks and found that an electron cyclotron microinstability can develop in the foot during the self-reformation phase of low β i supercritical shocks. The instability is excited by the beam of reflected ions interacting with the incoming electrons. It exhibits a rapid growth, and propagates along the shock normal towards upstream. This instability, which does not require high Mach number, has a frequency comparable to the electron cyclotron frequency and a wavelength shorter than the electron inertia length. It basically results from the coupling of electron Bernstein waves with an ion beam mode carried by the reflected ions. Dispersion properties in the foot are analysed. We discuss the effects of varying parameters, in particular as the fake ion-to-electron mass ratio used in the simulations converges to more realistic values. Comparison with other microinstabilities evidenced in recent full particle simulations of shocks is outlined.

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“…This can lead to growth of wave modes which act in a self-consistent manner to convert the cool pre-shock ion distribution into the hot postshock distribution. This intermixing of distribution functions was originally discussed by Mott-Smith [1951] in connection with classical gas shocks and a discussion applicable to collisionless plasma shocks may be found in Tidman and Krall [1971]. The upstream component of the downstream ion distribution has been observed experimentally by Montgomery et al [1970].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Observations of low-energy electrons upstream of the Earth's bow shock

Reasoner¹

1975

J. Geophys. Res.

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Observations of electron fluxes with a lunar‐based electron spectrometer when the moon was upstream of the earth have shown that a subset of observed fluxes are strongly controlled by the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) direction. The fluxes occur only when the IMF lines connect back to the earth's bow shock. Observed densities and temperatures were in the ranges 2–4 × 10−3 cm−3 and 1.7–2.8 × 106 °K. It is shown that these electrons can account for increases in effective solar wind electron temperatures on bow shock connected field lines, which have been observed previously by other investigators. It is further shown that if a model of the bow shock with an electrostatic potential barrier is assumed, the potential can be estimated to be 500 V.

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Shock Waves in Collisionless Plasmas

Cited by 136 publications

References 0 publications

Ion acceleration from laser-driven electrostatic shocks

Ion acceleration from laser-driven electrostatic shocks

Electron cyclotron microinstability in the foot of a perpendicular shock: A self-consistent PIC simulation

Observations of low-energy electrons upstream of the Earth's bow shock

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