Shock-wave propagation and cavitation bubble oscillation by Nd:YAG laser ablation of a metal in water

Abstract

A highly sensitive fiber-optic sensor based on optical beam deflection is applied for investigating the propagation of a laser-induced plasma shock wave, the oscillation of a cavitation bubble diameter, and the development of a bubble-collapse-induced shock wave when a Nd:YAG laser pulse is focused upon an aluminum surface in water. By the sequence of experimental waveforms detected at different distances, the attenuation properties of the plasma shock wave and of the bubble-collapse-induced shock wave are obtained. Besides, based on characteristic signals, both the maximum and the minimum bubble radii at each oscillation cycle are determined, as are the corresponding oscillating periods.

Experimental investigation of the effect of ambient pressure on laser-induced bubble dynamics

“…On the one hand, cavitation bubbles could be induced in different ways in experiments using adopt spark discharge [3], ultrasonics [6,7] and laser pulses [5,[8][9][10][11]. In model experiments the cavitation bubbles are generally induced by laser pulses, because the creation time and inception point of the laserinduced bubble is easy to control.…”

“…In model experiments the cavitation bubbles are generally induced by laser pulses, because the creation time and inception point of the laserinduced bubble is easy to control. On the other hand, the commonly used optical methods for measuring cavitation bubbles include high-speed photography [2], schlieren photography [12], shadow photography [5] and the measurements based on probe beam deflection (PBD) [5,10] or Mie scattering [13]. Methods based on hydrophones have also been adopted to measure the shockwave [14].…”

“…It is difficult to satisfy the experimental criteria proposed in Ref. [10] for judging the maximum bubble radius in the measurement by means of PBD. So these experimental criteria were modified in our experiments.…”

Investigation of cavitation bubble dynamics by fiber‐coupling optical beam deflection technique

“…In this work, the maximum bubble radius R b ϭ 2.825 mm was measured with the help of the fiber-optic sensor [33]. Hence, the liquid-jet radius r is 0.047 mm.…”

Allopatric femtosecond laser gas-bubble formation in a closed system

“…Cavitation bubbles have been observed in the anterior chamber after other laser procedures, such as neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser iridotomy and Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. 13,14 Previous studies [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] show that gas bubbles due to the epithelial breakthrough, opaque bubble layers, and anterior chamber bubbles can impair intraoperative pachymetry, laser ablation efficiency, iris registration, and eye tracking with the excimer laser.…”