Shock-induced phase transformation and vortex instabilities in shock loaded titanium alloys

Shock-Induced Mechanical Response and Microstructure Evolution of Titanium Alloys

“…In addition to the SIM phase transition, titanium and its alloys may also undergo x$ω phase transition when the shock wave amplitude is high enough [10,[22][23][24]. Where x represents α, α 0 , β or their mixture, and "$" indicates that the phase transition process is reversible.…”

“…Where x represents α, α 0 , β or their mixture, and "$" indicates that the phase transition process is reversible. The shock-induced x$ω phase transition has been observed in pure Ti [10] and some titanium alloys such as Ti-64, VT-14, VT-20, and VT-23 [22,23]. The stress threshold for the x$ω phase transition ranges from about 4 GPa to above 35 GPa, which depends on the stress state and the type and content of alloying and interstitial elements [10,22,[25][26][27].…”

“…The shock-induced x$ω phase transition has been observed in pure Ti [10] and some titanium alloys such as Ti-64, VT-14, VT-20, and VT-23 [22,23]. The stress threshold for the x$ω phase transition ranges from about 4 GPa to above 35 GPa, which depends on the stress state and the type and content of alloying and interstitial elements [10,22,[25][26][27]. Since the ω phase is a brittle phase, dislocations cannot move in it, and this phase mostly exists in the form of dispersed fine particles in the alloy [28,29], so the x!ω phase transformation may improve the strength of titanium alloys [10].…”

Variation of Relief Topography and Hardness of Surface Layers of Materials Due to Impact-Oscillatory Loading

“…The multiscale material analysis makes it possible to link deformation conditions and changes in hardness and roughness of the deformed material. In addition, the revealed deformation patterns can be systematized, and the durability of load-bearing structures can be predicted [8,9,10].…”