Shock Hugoniot of single crystal copper

Abstract

The shock Hugoniot of single crystal copper is reported for stresses below 66 GPa. At the lowest stresses, the sound speed in Cu was extracted from the PDV data. The measured sound speeds are in agreement with values calculated from the elastic constants for Cu.

Shock compression of aluminum single crystals to 70 GPa: Role of crystalline anisotropy

“…At low stresses, $9 GPa, the longitudinal sound speed measurements showed evidence of crystal anisotropy. Although 67 GPa is quite large compared to the Hugoniot elastic limits reported for copper single crystals, 14 the resulting compressions are relatively modest. Calculated temperature in polycrystalline Cu shocked to 70 GPa was estimated to be $880 K. 13 In the present work, we chose to examine the high stress response of shock compressed Al single crystals for the following reasons: good data are available to $20 GPa, 9,10 so we could concentrate on higher stresses; based on polycrystalline Al results, significant compressions (tens of percent) and fairly high temperatures (well above $1000 K) are expected; 15 the LiF optical windows are an excellent impedance match to Al resulting in minimal wave reflection effects; and Al is a soft face centered cubic (FCC) crystal with a fairly low anisotropy ratio.…”

“…14 Their results showed that the measured Hugoniot (or peak states) did not depend on the crystal orientation. At low stresses, $9 GPa, the longitudinal sound speed measurements showed evidence of crystal anisotropy.…”

Hugoniot and refractive indices of bromoform under shock compression

“…For Cu, the initial density is ρ 0 = 8.93(5) g/cm 3 , and its U s u p relation is U s = 3.933 + 1.5u p in km/s. 13,22 From the Hugoniot jump conditions, we also obtain shock state pressure, P = ρ 0 U s u p , and density, ρ = ρ 0 U s /(U s u p ), as well as specific volume V = ρ 1 . The corresponding apparent particle velocity, u a , directly measured with DPS at the Cu/sample interface, is not equivalent to the true particle velocity since a correction for the refractive index effect is necessary.…”

Shock-induced phase transitions in metals: Recrystallization of supercooled melt and melting of overheated solids

“…Despite the orientational dependence of the Hugoniot, it was found that the crystal was overheated by 20% above the simulated equilibrium melting line before it finally melted in the [ [4,5] found the presence of overheated states of the crystal above the melting line, and supercooled states of the liquid below the melting line within 3 ∼ 7 ps after shock loading. However, the experimental Hugoniots for single Cu crystals [6] for shock pressures below 66 GPa didn't show any anisotropy in response.…”