Shish-kebab crystals in polyethylene investigated by scanning force microscopy

Jandt, Klaus D.; Buhk, M.; Miles, Mervyn J; Petermann, J.

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(94)90789-7

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Magonov et al attribute the periodicity formed by nodules along the microfibril to long period observed in SAXS 8. Jandt et al29 attributed the nodules formed along the microfibrils to the strain‐induced structure with nodules separated by the narrow presumably extended tie molecular regions forming the “knotty microfibril.” The narrow diameter regions between the knots are suspected to possess higher orientation as they are drawn down more compared to the knot regions where the material may remain in the original lamellar state.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of molten fraction on the uniaxial deformation behavior of polypropylene: Real time mechano‐optical and atomic force microscopy observations

Koike

Çakmak

2006

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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In this study, we have coupled the real time mechano‐optical measurements with the off‐line structural characterization techniques including AFM, WAXS, and DSC to establish the quantitative relationships between the “true mechano‐optical behavior and developed morphology” as influenced by the fraction of molten phase present in the polypropylene films. Stretching PP in the solid state invariably leads to formation of fibrillar texture. The evolution of surface morphology in partially molten state was found to depend on the fraction of the molten phase present at the start of the deformation. If the samples are strained past the yielding in partially molten state, the birefringence begins a rapid rise. Concurrent with this, the equatorial zones of the spherulites begin to crack while meridional regions remaining intact. This leads to temporary reduction of crystallinity because of destruction of some of the crystals. If held in this strained state, the crystallite thickening was observed while the birefringence increases while the lost crystallinity is recovered. If the films are strained past the strain hardening point, the microfibrillar structure was found to dominate the surface morphology. When the films are stretched in the melting temperature range, they exhibit substantial nodular surface topology. These nodules that were absent in the solid state deformed samples are hard lamellae buried inside amorphous “soft matter”. The tangential lamellae increasingly become dominant as the processing temperature approaches substantially molten state leading to the observation of a* oriented crystallites in the X‐ray analysis. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 925–941, 2006

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of molten fraction on the uniaxial deformation behavior of polypropylene: Real time mechano‐optical and atomic force microscopy observations

Koike

Çakmak

2006

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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“…A shish-kebab structure was already reported for polybutene-1 ultrathin films 29 and on polyethylene surfaces. 16 The shish-kebab morphology is a common characteristic of polymer crystallized under strain. Shishkebab morphology consists of (1) a needle crystalline core (shish) with extended polymer chains and (2) many epitaxial overgrown lamellar crys- tals (kebabs) with folded polymer chains surrounded by amorphous materials.…”

Section: Melt-spinning Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shish-kebab structures were identified on highly oriented, melt-spun films of polyethylene. 15,16 A shish-kebab structure consists of extended-chain crystals (or needle crystals), called shish, with folded-chain lamellar overgrowth, called kebab.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of gravity-spun, melt-spun, and melt-blown polypropylene fibers using atomic force microscopy

Rovère

Shambaugh

O’Rear

2000

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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“…For poly(propylene), [25] polybutene-1, [26] and polystyrene [27] a needle-crystal structure (shish) is induced, whereas for polyethylene, a highly oriented fiber morphology of lamellar crystals (kebab) can be observed in melt drawn films. [24,28] To the best of our knowledge, melt drawing of films has up to now not been applied to block copolymers. To test the hypothesis that melt drawing of block copolymer films leads to highly oriented phase morphologies, a high molecular weight PS-b-P2VP diblock copolymer was chosen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain‐Induced Phase Morphology in Melt Drawn Ultrathin Highly Oriented Block Copolymer Films

Keller

Semmler

2008

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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A strain‐induced microphase morphology has been established by the melt drawing process in a high molecular weight asymmetric polystyrene‐block‐poly(vinyl‐2‐pyridine) (PS‐b‐P2VP) diblock copolymer. For the first time to the best knowledge of the authors, the melt drawing process has been applied to block copolymers to produce free‐standing, ultrathin block copolymer films with a thickness of ≈100 nm. Intriguingly, during the melt drawing of the polymer a global strain‐induced unidirectional order of the microphase separated needle‐like domains of the block copolymer was generated. This morphology consists of a PS matrix with embedded highly oriented P2VP needle‐like domains oriented parallel to the drawing direction. The needle‐like morphology is explained by a simplified extended chain model of the diblock copolymer chains. Annealing of the films leads to a transition from the strain‐induced needle‐like morphology toward the quasi‐equilibrium sphere‐like morphology.magnified image

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Shish-kebab crystals in polyethylene investigated by scanning force microscopy

Cited by 37 publications

References 17 publications

The influence of molten fraction on the uniaxial deformation behavior of polypropylene: Real time mechano‐optical and atomic force microscopy observations

The influence of molten fraction on the uniaxial deformation behavior of polypropylene: Real time mechano‐optical and atomic force microscopy observations

Investigation of gravity-spun, melt-spun, and melt-blown polypropylene fibers using atomic force microscopy

Strain‐Induced Phase Morphology in Melt Drawn Ultrathin Highly Oriented Block Copolymer Films

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