Shipwrecks on Roncador Cay, the Caribbean Sea and Their Relationship with Hurricanes, 1492-1920

Abstract

Previous studies suggest that tropical storms and hurricanes are among the leading causes of shipwrecks in the Caribbean Sea since 1492. This paper will explore the relationship between shipwrecks and hurricanes in the Western Caribbean, particularly Roncador Cay, a place with complex environmental conditions that have made this area a trap for ships, but has up until now, been without rigorous shipwreck analysis. This study covers the period 1492 to 1920 with search results of 23 shipwrecks and 37 tropical cyclones compiled in databases, reviewing seven wrecks already documented and revealing new information on 16, previously not recorded. The sources provide detailed shipwrecks, demonstrating that most accidents occurred by unspecific causes and no direct relationship with hurricanes but were influenced by environmental conditions, such as geomorphology, cold fronts, or currents. There is also a reflection on the sociocultural changes and the influence of power in the region. The study includes a suggested tool for future research, protecting the wreck site and emphasizing the importance of the underwater cultural heritage as an indicator of the active maritime past.

Preserving Sunken Military Vessels as Underwater Cultural Heritage in Colombia: Legal Challenges and Prospects for the USS Kearsarge Wreck Site

“…The Spanish colonial period in particular, marked by the extensive naval presence of Spain and Britain, has left behind notable sunken military vessels. Many of these wrecks are believed to be located in the waters between Cartagena de Indias and Havana, with the Archipelago of San Andres, Old Providence, and Santa Catalina suspected to have been a ship trap [79][80][81]. Spain has around 2000 naval wrecks worldwide, many of which are located in the Colombian Caribbean [82][83][84][85][86][87].…”