Shipley Institute of Living Scale

Shipley, Walter C.

doi:10.1037/t07774-000

Cited by 363 publications

(487 citation statements)

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“…Older adults were significantly more educated than the young adults, who were currently enrolled in an undergraduate program, t(38) = 6.34, p < .001, d = 2.42, and scored higher on the Shipley (1946) vocabulary test compared to younger adults, t(38) = 7.23, p < .001, d = 2.25.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Face–name learning in older adults: a benefit of hyper-binding

et al. 2016

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Difficulty remembering faces and corresponding names is a hallmark of cognitive aging, as is increased susceptibility to distraction. Given evidence that older adults spontaneously encode relationships between target pictures and simultaneously occurring distractors (a hyper-binding phenomenon), we asked whether memory for face-name pairs could be improved through prior exposure to faces presented with distractor names. In three experiments, young and older adults performed a selective attention task on faces while ignoring superimposed names. After a delay, they learned and were tested on face-name pairs that were either maintained or rearranged from the initial task but were not told of the connection between tasks. In each experiment, older but not younger participants showed better memory for maintained than for rearranged pairs, indicating that older adults' natural propensity to tacitly encode and bind relevant and irrelevant information can be employed to aid face-name memory performance.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Face–name learning in older adults: a benefit of hyper-binding

et al. 2016

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“…Concentration and attention were measured using the Short Blessed Test (Katzman et al, 1983), vocabulary using the Shipley Institute for Living Scale Test (Shipley, 1991), and memory and motor function using Folstein's Mini-Mental Status examination (Folstein et al, 1975). All participants had a mini mental status exam score of 28 and higher (Folstein et al, 1975) and met the cut-off of 6 on the SBT (Katzman et al, 1983), suggesting normal cognitive functions.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual dominance and multisensory integration changes with age

2013

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Objects comprise of visual and auditory signatures that arrive through distinct sensory channels. Exposure to cross-modal events sets up expectations about what a given object most likely "sounds" like, and vice versa, thereby facilitating detection and recognition. Whereas episodic and working memory functions decline with age, the extent to which multisensory integration processes change with age remains an open question. In the present study, we examined whether multisensory integration processes play a compensatory role in normal aging. Magnetoencephalography recordings of semantically-related cross-modal and unimodal auditory and visual stimuli captured the spatiotemporal dynamics of multisensory responses in young and older adults. Whereas sensory-specific regions showed increased activity in response to cross-modal compared to unimodal stimuli 100 ms after stimulus onset in both age groups, posterior parietal and medial prefrontal regions responded preferentially to cross-modal stimuli between 150 and 300 ms in the older group only. Additionally, faster detection of cross-modal stimuli correlated with increased activity in inferior parietal and medial prefrontal regions 100 ms after stimulus onset in older compared to younger adults. Age-related differences in visual dominance were also observed with older adults exhibiting significantly larger multisensory facilitation effects relative to the auditory modality. Using structural equation modeling, we showed that age-related increases in parietal and medial prefrontal source activity predicted faster detection of cross-modal stimuli. Furthermore, the relationship between performance and source activity was mediated by age-related reductions in gray matter volume in those regions. Thus, we propose that multisensory integration processes change with age such that posterior parietal and medial prefrontal activity underlies the integrated response in older adults. AbstractObjects comprise of visual and auditory signatures that arrive through distinct sensory channels. Exposure to cross-modal events sets up expectations about what a given object most likely "sounds" like, and vice versa, thereby facilitating detection and recognition. Whereas episodic and working memory functions decline with age, the extent to which multisensory integration processes change with age remains an open question. In the present study, we examined whether multisensory integration processes play a compensatory role in normal aging. Magnetoencephalography recordings of semantically-related cross-modal and unimodal auditory and visual stimuli captured the spatiotemporal dynamics of multisensory responses in young and older adults. Whereas sensory-specific regions showed increased activity in response to cross-modal compared to unimodal stimuli 100ms after stimulus onset in both age groups, posterior parietal and medial prefrontal regions responded preferentially to cross-modal stimuli between 150 and 300ms in the older group only. Additionally, faster detection of cross-moda...

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“…The Shipley Institute of Living Scale (Shipley, 1967;Zachary, 1991) provides a brief and valid assessment of general intellectual functioning (see Matthews et al, 2011). To reduce time burden on participants we administered only the verbal section.…”

Section: Shipley Institute Of Living Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced sensitivity and response bias for male anger in women with borderline personality disorder

Veague

Hooley

2014

Psychiatry Research

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Interpersonal difficulties, which are a central feature of borderline personality disorder, may be related to problems with social cognition. We explored facial emotion recognition in 44 women (15 with BPD, 15 healthy controls, and 14 with a history of childhood trauma but no BPD) examining the role that BPD and abuse history played in the ability to detect fearful, angry and happy cues in emotional faces. In Task 1, participants viewed pictures of morphed faces containing different percentages of specific emotions and reported the emotion they saw. In Task 2, participants were asked to increase the intensity of a specific emotion on an initially neutral face until they could detect that emotion in the face. Recognition of fear was not associated with abuse history or BPD. Recognizing happiness was also unrelated to BPD, although a history of childhood abuse predicted problems recognizing happiness, particularly in female faces. Across both tasks, the more women reported symptoms of BPD, the earlier they detected anger expressed in male faces. BPD symptoms also predicted the misidentification of anger in male (but not female) faces that contained no anger cues. Findings suggest that participants with BPD have an emotional processing bias toward seeing anger in males and that this is independent of abuse history.

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Shipley Institute of Living Scale

Cited by 363 publications

References 0 publications

Face–name learning in older adults: a benefit of hyper-binding

Face–name learning in older adults: a benefit of hyper-binding

Visual dominance and multisensory integration changes with age

Enhanced sensitivity and response bias for male anger in women with borderline personality disorder

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