Ship emissions and their externalities in cruise ports

Dragović, Branislav; Tzannatos, Ernestos; Τselentis, Vassilis; Meštrović, Romeo; Škurić, Maja

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2015.11.007

Cited by 102 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…SOX emissions are directly linked to sulphur content of fuel and, obviously, to the fuel consumption. Based on present regulations and praxis, in agreement with other studies [11], [12], we postulated the use of 1.5% sulphur fuel during manoeuvring and 0.1% sulphur fuel in the hotelling phase. The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) regulations expect to reduce the percentage of sulphur to 0.5% outside an Emission Control Area (ECA) and 0.1% inside the ECA from 1st of January 2020 [13].…”

Section: Roll-on/roll-off Ships and Roll-on/roll-off Passengers Shipssupporting

confidence: 88%

Air Pollution in Ancona Harbour, Italy

Fileni

Mancinelli

Morichetti

et al. 2019

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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Ports have always been communication and trade crossroads and have historically promoted the development of local economies. However, being hubs of activities, they are also major sources of noise and air pollution mainly due to ships, but also to vehicles, appliances, offices, etc. The port of Ancona, like many other Italian ports, is very close to the urban area, therefore it strongly influences the air quality of the city so that prolonged exposure to air pollutants generated by the port may cause adverse health effects on a big part of local population. Reducing air pollution without penalizing the local economy is one of the main objectives of the local authorities. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the contribution of different port emission sources, such as "Roll-on/roll-off Passengers" (Ro-pax) ships and fishing vessels, to Ancona air pollution. Between all, the levels of carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxides (NOX), sulphur oxides (SOX), and particulate matter (PM) have been evaluated. The study pointed out that most of the emissions in Ancona harbour are due to "Roll-on/roll-off" (Ro-ro) and Ro-pax maritime activities. Thus we focused on Ro-ro/Ro-pax ships' different emission scenarios based on different sulphur percentages in ship fuel, annual ships calls, manoeuvring/hotelling schedule, and ship characteristics, such as engine power. SOX denoted a strong dependency not only on the percentage of sulphur but also upon the manoeuvring/hotelling time while all other pollutant emissions mostly depend on timing and ship features. Therefore, it was found necessary to know such data exactly to estimate the emissions so to formulate new scenarios in order to choose the best strategies to reduce air pollution.

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Section: Roll-on/roll-off Ships and Roll-on/roll-off Passengers Shipssupporting

confidence: 88%

Air Pollution in Ancona Harbour, Italy

Fileni

Mancinelli

Morichetti

et al. 2019

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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“…Other studies have investigated carbon emissions per passenger-kilometer, as well as the burning of oil (especially heavy fuel oil and marine diesel oil) from international vessels regarding the emission of CO 2 , SO 2 , NO x , and hydrocarbons into the atmosphere [62,[68][69][70][71][72].…”

Section: Review Of Environmental Sustainability Literature For Portsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management Innovation for Environmental Sustainability in Seaports: Managerial Accounting Instruments and Training for Competitive Green Ports beyond the Regulations

2018

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Abstract:In the last 30 years, environmental sustainability has been receiving increasing attention by scholars and operators. All the seaport stakeholders, including port authorities (PAs), policy-makers, port users, any port stakeholders, and local communities, must invest substantial resources to achieve high competitiveness with respect of the environment. Drawing from the extant regulations system and conducting a deep review of the main contributions on the phenomenon, this conceptual study suggests managerial accounting instruments and training, which are still under-researched, as effective measures for enforcing and encouraging green port development. This three-step study consists of a systematic review of the regulatory frameworks and literature on the phenomenon, and an outline of the gap of the legislative framework and research, from a management innovation perspective, where effective managerial practices for environmental sustainability are not successfully suggested and implemented within seaports. On the one hand, the Balanced Scorecard and Tableau de Bord are identified and proposed as managerial accounting instruments for assessing, monitoring, measuring, controlling, and reporting the organizational processes of port players, mainly PAs, for developing competitive green ports. On the other hand, training has been suggested to educate and guide the human resources at all organizational levels within seaports, for supporting and developing awareness and behavioral attitudes in the direction of environmental sustainability.

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“…Mediterranean ports have witnessed an important increase in the cruise tourism industry over the last 15 years [3]. Although it is recognized as a dynamic sector with economic benefits, it also has social and environmental costs [4][5][6][7][8][9][10], with historical town centers and tourist resources overwhelmed by massive numbers of tourists in just a few hours [11]. The Mediterranean Sea is the second most travelled area in cruise routes after the Caribbean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Cruise Activity on Freshwater Use in the Port of Palma (Mallorca, Spain)

García

Mestre-Runge

Morán-Tejéda

et al. 2020

Water

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Lack of knowledge about freshwater use in ports of tourist destinations hinders accurate assessment of water availability and water planning. In this study, freshwater use in the Port of Palma (Spain) is analyzed by sector (commercial, mixed, navy and recreational) for the period 2007–2018. This study shows the dynamics of consumption and evaluates the effects of increased cruise tourism from 2007 to 2018 in the port. Water data supplied by the Port Authority of the Balearic Islands for each sector, together with water volumes recharged by ships, allow a detailed analysis of the water used by merchants and cruise lines. Results reveal a significant increase in freshwater withdrawals by cruise ships in the Port of Palma in the last ten years, closely related to the boom of cruise activity. Water use and recharge by cruise ships increased in both the high and low tourist seasons. Homeport cruises have a significant effect on the increase of freshwater withdrawals, as each homeport cruise ship recharged a mean volume of 628 m3 per mooring. This paper proposes a water withdrawal indicator of liters loaded per passenger at the port. Given the current lack of restriction on the number of cruise ships per day docking in the Port of Palma, cruise activity may well become a threat to water availability during drought episodes and another environmental cost to add to the already questioned cruise tourism activity of the island.

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Ship emissions and their externalities in cruise ports

Cited by 102 publications

References 26 publications

Air Pollution in Ancona Harbour, Italy

Air Pollution in Ancona Harbour, Italy

Management Innovation for Environmental Sustainability in Seaports: Managerial Accounting Instruments and Training for Competitive Green Ports beyond the Regulations

Impact of Cruise Activity on Freshwater Use in the Port of Palma (Mallorca, Spain)

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