Shin splints: MR appearance in a preliminary study.

Anderson, Mark; Ugalde, Viviane; Batt, Mark E; Gacayan, J

doi:10.1148/radiology.204.1.9205242

Cited by 96 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, the tibiae showing localized focal uptake but not linear uptake of technetium 99m were diagnosed as having a stress fracture. Patients with acute shin splints have a spectrum of MR findings (normal appearance, periosteal fluid only, abnormal marrow signal intensity, and stress fracture), which suggests this clinical entity is part of a continuum of stress response in bone [16] . However, the strong association between chronic symptoms and a normal-appearing MR image implies that this modality has less utility in these patients [16] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of stress fractures in athletes based on our clinical experience

Iwamoto

Satō

Takeda³

et al. 2011

WJO

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AIM:To analyze stress fractures in athletes based on experience from our sports medicine clinic. METHODS:We investigated the association between stress fractures and age, sex, sports level, sports activity, and skeletal site in athletes seen at our sports medicine clinic between September 1991 and April 2009. Stress fractures of the pars interarticularis were excluded from this analysis. RESULTS:During this period (18 years and 8 mo), 14276 patients (9215 males and 5061 females) consulted our clinic because of sports-related injuries, and 263 patients (1.8%) [171 males (1.9%) and 92 females (1.8%)] sustained stress fractures. The average age of the patients with stress fractures was 20.2 years (range 10-46 years); 112 patients (42.6%) were 15-19 years of age and 90 (34.2%) were 20-24 years of age. Altogether, 90 patients (34.2%) were active at a high recreational level and 173 (65.8%) at a competitive level. The highest proportion of stress fractures was seen in basketball athletes (21.3%), followed by baseball (13.7%), track and field (11.4%), rowing (9.5%), soccer (8.4%), aerobics (5.3%), and classical ballet (4.9%). The most common sites of stress fractures in these patients were the tibia (44.1%), followed by the rib (14.1%), metatarsal bone (12.9%), ulnar olecranon (8.7%) and pelvis (8.4%). The sites of the stress fractures varied from sport to sport. The ulnar olecranon was the most common stress fracture site in baseball players, and the rib was the most common in rowers. Basketball and classical ballet athletes predominantly sustained stress fractures of the tibia and metatarsal bone. Track and field and soccer athletes predominantly sustained stress fractures of the tibia and pubic bone. Aerobics athletes predominantly sustained stress fractures of the tibia. Middle and long distance female runners who sustained multiple stress fractures had the female athlete triad. CONCLUSION:The results of this analysis showed that stress fractures were seen in high-level young athletes, with similar proportions for males and females, and that particular sports were associated with specific sites for stress fractures. Middle and long distance female runners who suffered from multiple stress fractures had the female athlete triad.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of stress fractures in athletes based on our clinical experience

Iwamoto

Satō

Takeda³

et al. 2011

WJO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…13 The activityrelated lower leg pain is typically associated with diffuse tenderness along the posteromedial tibia in its middle to distal aspect and various terms such as shin splints syndrome, soleus syndrome, and medial tibial stress syndrome have been applied to describe this. 27,28 Four MRI patterns have been described in two different studies by Anderson et al 29 and Fredericson et al, 17 who demonstrated a continuum of changes on MRI images in patients with activity-related leg pain, including (1) normal appearance, (2) periosteal fluid, (3) bone marrow oedema, and (4) stress fracture, all of which concurred with findings on bone scintigraphy. These studies concluded that MRI (Fig.…”

Section: Imaging Optionsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Stress-related bone injuries with emphasis on MRI

et al. 2007

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“…Some authors suggest an inflammation of the periosteum due to excessive traction (traction theory), others support the view that MTSS is not an inflammatory process of the periosteum, but rather a bone stress reaction (bone stress theory) as in stress fractures [23][24][25]. Although that MTSS and stress fractures constitute different pathologies, they sometimes coexist and it is likely that MTSS and stress fractures of the tibia are invoked by similar mechanisms, where MTSS is a relatively mild expression and stress fracture is a severe extreme [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%