Shiftwork sleep disorder and associated factors among nurses working at public hospitals in Harari Regional state and Dire Dawa Administration, Eastern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background Shiftwork sleep disorder is one of the most common health-related effects of Shiftwork, particularly among healthcare workers. It is a chronic condition that is directly related to a person’s work schedule. In Ethiopia, although a mental health strategy is in place, little attention is given to studies that focus on shiftwork sleep disorders among nurses. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of shiftwork sleep disorder and associated factors among nurses working at public hospitals in Harari Regional State and the Dire Dawa Administration. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1–30, 2021 among 392 nurses selected by a simple random sampling technique. A structured interviewer-guided self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders 3rd edition (ICSD-3), Bargen Insomnia Scale (BIS) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale were used to assess shift-work sleep disorder. The data were entered into EpiData and exported to SPSS for analysis. Bivariable logistic regression was used to see the association between the outcome and the explanatory variables. Bivariate and Multivariate analyses were performed, and AOR with 95% CI was used to measure the strength of the association. Those variables with a p-values of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results In this study, the magnitude of shiftwork sleep disorder among nurses was 30.4% (95% CI: 25.4–34.5). Being female (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.3, 4.2), working an average number of nights > 11 per month in the last 12 months (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.3, 3.8), and khat use in the last 12 months (AOR = 4.9, 95% CI: 2.9, 8.7) were significantly associated with the shiftwork sleep disorder. Conclusions The study revealed that about one-third of the nurses had a shiftwork sleep disorder implying a high burden of the problem among nurses in the study setting, which endangers nurses, patients, and the healthcare system. Being female, working an average number of nights > 11 per month in the last 12 months, and khat use showed statistically significantly associated with the shiftwork sleep disorder. Early detection of shiftwork sleep disorder, having a policy on khat use and considering rest/recovery while scheduling work time should be addressed to prevent shiftwork sleep disorder.

Poor sleep quality and associated factors among healthcare professionals at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

“…As for the present study’s result, current khat chewers have demonstrated three times higher odds of poor sleep quality than non-khat chewers. This finding aligns with studies performed in Yemen and Ethiopia ( 25 , 26 , 62 , 64 ). This could be due to the effect of khat.…”

“…Female gender was associated with an increased odds of poor sleep quality. A similar finding was reported from a study conducted in Austria ( 60 ), Pakistan ( 19 ), Spain ( 18 ), Saudi Arabia ( 61 ), and Ethiopia ( 62 ). This could be due to increased household and family responsibilities in women, which is typically associated with women working for extended periods of time at night, which could affect their sleep quality.…”

Sleep quality and fatigue among nurses working in high-acuity clinical settings in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

“…These differences have been attributed to differences in healthcare systems, manpower, safer working conditions, sufficient resources, and a country being developed versus developing [38]. Others explained cultural factors that can vary from one country to another such as consumption of alcohol, caffeine, and energy drinks [43][44][45][46]. However, in a recent concept analysis, increased alcohol and caffeine intake was a consequence of poor sleep quality and not factors leading to poor sleep quality [47].…”

Shift work disorder among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia

“…Outro estudo realizado em hospitais do governo federal da Etiópia relatou que 49% dos enfermeiros que trabalhavam em turnos sofriam de problemas de sono (15) . Essas porcentagens são consideravelmente mais altas do que as relatadas por outros estudos realizados no Egito (31,1% dos enfermeiros com sonolência diurna) e na Etiópia (30,4% dos enfermeiros com distúrbio do sono no trabalho em turnos) (23)(24) . Outro estudo relatou que a diminuição da intensidade do turno pode reduzir a insônia entre enfermeiros de hospitais que trabalham em turnos rotativos (13) .…”