Shifts in taxonomical and functional structure of ectomycorrhizal fungal community of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) underpinned by partner tree ageing

Rudawska, Maria; Wilgan, Robin; Janowski, Daniel; Iwański, Michał; Leski, Tomasz

doi:10.1016/j.pedobi.2018.08.003

Cited by 37 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Finally, the study by Rudawska et al. (2018) found a successional shift in dominance from ‘long‐distance’ exploration types to ‘contact’ types in a Pinus sylvestris chronosequence. This shift was primarily driven by the replacement of Suillaceae by Russulaceae species, a pattern that also appears in our subsample of identified EcM root tips (Table ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Other studies have addressed the relationship between stand age and relative abundance of EcM exploration types and some have reported no trend in exploration type abundance (Hagenbo, Kyaschenko, Clemmensen, Lindahl, & Fransson, 2018) or a decrease in ‘long‐distance’ exploration types with increasing stand age (LeDuc et al., 2013; Rudawska et al., 2018). For instance, a study by Hagenbo et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, according to the energy-limited hypothesis, Distance mycorrhizas should decrease with stand age (e.g. LeDuc, Lilleskov, Horton, & Rothstein, 2013;Rudawska, Wilgan, Janowski, Iwański, & Leski, 2018; Figure S1). This study provides a comprehensive assessment of changes to resource acquisition with stand age and informs our understanding of the role of EcM fungi in age-related forest decline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shifts in ectomycorrhizal exploration types parallel leaf and fine root area with forest age

Wasyliw

Karst

2020

Journal of Ecology

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1. The abundance of fine roots and leaves in forests typically peaks during midsuccession and then declines. If fine root area declines more rapidly than leaf area, this could contribute disproportionately to stand decline. However, trees also partner with symbiotic ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi that facilitate nutrient acquisition of fine roots. Ectomycorrhizal fungi can use the carbohydrates provided by their plant partners to produce emanating fungal tissues which increase soil exploration potential but may also prove costly. We suggest two competing hypotheses to frame the response of ectomycorrhizas to stand age: (a) the 'functional offset' hypothesis posits that the abundance of ectomycorrhizas with emanating tissues ('Distance' mycorrhizas) increases with stand age and (b) the 'energy-limited' hypothesis posits that carbon available for root symbionts decreases with stand age resulting in fewer Distance mycorrhizas. In the first hypothesis, EcM functional traits offset root abundance, while in the second, traits parallel root abundance. 2. To test these competing hypotheses, we sampled fine roots to a depth of 90 cm and used allometric equations to estimate changes in root and leaf area index across a chronosequence of Pinus banksiana stands ranging from 2 to 76 years average tree age. We also examined fine roots microscopically to track changes in the abundance of EcM functional types. We used DNA-based methods to sequence EcM fungi and confirm roots were of P. banksiana. 3. Both fine root and leaf area of pine increased for the first 30-36 years (until Mid age) and then plateaued, while the ratio of leaf to fine root area was similar across the age gradient. Also, changes to fine root area with stand age depended on soil depth. The abundance of Distance mycorrhizas was lowest at the youngest plots and increased until Mid age, where it peaked, contrary to the functional offset hypothesis. Instead, the abundance of Distance mycorrhizas paralleled changes to leaf area, aligned with the energy-limited hypothesis. 4. Synthesis. Ectomycorrhizas do not offset the function of roots, rather shifts in exploration type likely reflect adjustments to carbon supply from hosts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shifts in ectomycorrhizal exploration types parallel leaf and fine root area with forest age

Wasyliw

Karst

2020

Journal of Ecology

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“…), most frequently found on plots with P. menziesii. When comparing the epigeous sporocarps list with the mycorrhizal species found in some the habitats occupied by Scots pine (Rudawska et al, 2011;Rudawska et al, 2018), a small scale of similarity should be noted; e.g., in the case of Cortinarius sp., Lactarius spp., Imleria sp., or Russula sp. Kwaśna et al (2019) found in the soil on Scots pine site some other genus present in areas described here, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrofungi on Three Nonnative Coniferous Species Introduced 130 Years Ago, Into Warmia, Poland

et al. 2021

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In fall 2018 and 2019, we assessed colonization by fungi on Douglas fir trees [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco], white pine (Pinus strobus L.), and red cedar (Thuja plicata D. Don.) on selected experimental plots of the former Prussian Experimental Station, where nonnative tree species were introduced from North America over a century ago. The presence of sporocarps on trunks, root collars, and stumps as well as the litter layer in the soil within a radius of 0.5 m around the trunk of the tree was determined. Additionally, the volume of dead wood on the forest floor of the entire plot was assessed. We recorded numerous fungi on trees and stumps as well as in the litter and soil. For the 31 plots in 12 forest districts, we determined 745 sporocarps of 48 taxa, with 335/19 on the wood of P. menziesii trees and stumps, 377/15 on P. strobus, and 33/6 on T. plicata trees. The highest share of trees with various trunk damage levels was found for T. plicata (70.3%) and the lowest for P. menziesii (6.2%). Among the root parasitic fungi, Heterobasidion sp. and Armillaria sp. were found, especially on the collars and stumps of T. plicata and P. strobus; we did not find basidiomata of both pathogens on P. menziesii. The volume of dead wood within the P. menziesii plots averaged 7.1 m3/ha, whereas in T. plicata plots, it was 56.3 m3/ha. We identified 10 taxa that have not been reported in association with P. strobus for Poland (Cylindrobasidium laeve, Dacrymyces sp., Exidia pithya, E. saccharina, Gymnopilus pnetrans, Leptoporus mollis, Mycena sanguinolenta, Tapinella panuoides, Trametes versicolor, and Xylaria hypoxylon) and three taxa (Exidia pithya, Leptoporus mollis, Serpula himantioides) associated with T. plicata.

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“…the presence of suilloid fungi plays a key role in pine invasions (Policelli et al 2018). Slippery jacks andfalse truffles, which are associated with pines in the first stages of tree development (Rudawska et al 2018a), form an eM of the so-called 'long-distance exploration type' (reproductive structure, extensive external mycelia, long mycelial cords). these exploration types of fungi penetrate larger areas of soil, obtaining water and mineral salts more efficiently.…”

Section: The Symbiosis Of Alien and Invasive Tree Species And Its Sigmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal symbiosis of alien and invasive tree species

Wilgan

2020

Forest Research Papers

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The introduction of alien tree species has become a world wide phenomenon over the last centuries and the cultivation of these species is an economically important branch of forestry in many countries. However, the cultivation of alien plant species poses the threat of introducing potentially invasive species, both trees and its mutualistic symbionts, such as mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal fungi are obligatory symbionts and a key element in the proper development and functioning of trees. It is thought that mycorrhizal fungi may also profoundly influence the invasiveness of alien tree species worldwide, with the proper fungal species acting as a driver to make this invasion possible. Co-invasion of alien trees and its mutualistic symbionts are well-known in the case of pines and co-invading ectomycorrhizal fungi in the southern hemisphere.Invasive tree species constitute a major ecological and economic problem through intense competition and modification of local habitats leading to a decline in biodiversity and potentially threatening many rare, native and endangered species, including fungi. Despite the fundamental role that fungi have in the functioning of forests, the impact alien tree species could have on mycorrhizal fungi in native forest ecosystems has not received much attention.Understanding the relationships between mycorrhizal fungi and alien tree species can allow us to better predict and counter- act alien species invasions, which is necessary in order to maintain biodiversity and preserve native ecosystems. On top of that, climate change could threaten some European tree species and thus free ecological niches for other species, like alien, invasive or potentially invasive trees.

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Shifts in taxonomical and functional structure of ectomycorrhizal fungal community of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) underpinned by partner tree ageing

Cited by 37 publications

References 57 publications

Shifts in ectomycorrhizal exploration types parallel leaf and fine root area with forest age

Shifts in ectomycorrhizal exploration types parallel leaf and fine root area with forest age

Macrofungi on Three Nonnative Coniferous Species Introduced 130 Years Ago, Into Warmia, Poland

Mycorrhizal symbiosis of alien and invasive tree species

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