Shifting sands? Coastal protection by sand banks, beaches and dunes

Hanley, Michael E.; Hoggart, Simon; Simmonds, David; Bichot, Amandine; Colangelo, Marina Antonia; Bozzeda, Fabio; Heurtefeux, Hugues; Ondiviela, Bárbara Ruiz; Ostrowski, Rafał; Recio, María; Trude, R.; Zawadzka-Kahlau, E.; Thompson, Richard C.

doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2013.10.020

Cited by 164 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Natural coastal systems not only provide protection to coastal communities from flooding but also host both environmentally and economically important areas (Hanley et al, 2014). Foredunes are of importance to ecological habitats as well as of aesthetical value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accelerated dune erosion was in response to interruptions of the littoral drift by harbour developments and sand mining for construction and agriculture, in addition to human trampling, refuse dumping, recreational pressure and cropping (Gómez-Pina et al, 2002). Across Europe, 25 % of sand dunes were lost during the 20th century and up to 85 % of the remainder may be threatened as a consequence of sea level P. Dissanayake et al: Impacts of storm chronology on the morphological changes rise and climate change (Hanley et al, 2014). In response to accelerated erosion artificial beach nourishment schemes have been widely implemented across Europe (Hanson et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such systems can be viewed as adaptive through their beach/dune response to changes in energy from the forcing conditions (Hanley et al, 2014). It is therefore important to understand how the cross-shore beach/dune profile responds under temporal clusters in storm impacts to interpret the consequent changes in resilience and in turn the vulnerability of the dune system to repeat high energy shocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of a crosssectional transect enables detailed analysis of how sediment is redistributed across the beach/dune profile in response to storms of varying strength. It is suggested that sediment lost from the dune system enhances bar growth on the beach face, forcing waves to break further offshore and preventing further degradation of the dune system (Hanley et al, 2014). Understanding the likely response of the beach/dune profile to a sequence of storms is crucial for the development of appropriate and sustainable strategies to manage coastal flood and erosion risks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of storm chronology on the morphological changes of the Formby beach and dune system, UK

Dissanayake

Brown

Karunarathna

2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Impacts of storm chronology within a storm cluster on beach/dune erosion are investigated by applying the state-of-the-art numerical model XBeach to the Sefton coast, northwest England. Six temporal storm clusters of different storm chronologies were formulated using three storms observed during the 2013/2014 winter. The storm power values of these three events nearly halve from the first to second event and from the second to third event. Cross-shore profile evolution was simulated in response to the tide, surge and wave forcing during these storms. The model was first calibrated against the available post-storm survey profiles. Cumulative impacts of beach/dune erosion during each storm cluster were simulated by using the post-storm profile of an event as the pre-storm profile for each subsequent event. For the largest event the water levels caused noticeable retreat of the dune toe due to the high water elevation. For the other events the greatest evolution occurs over the bar formations (erosion) and within the corresponding troughs (deposition) of the upper-beach profile. The sequence of events impacting the size of this ridge-runnel feature is important as it consequently changes the resilience of the system to the most extreme event that causes dune retreat. The highest erosion during each single storm event was always observed when that storm initialised the storm cluster. The most severe storm always resulted in the most erosion during each cluster, no matter when it occurred within the chronology, although the erosion volume due to this storm was reduced when it was not the primary event. The greatest cumulative cluster erosion occurred with increasing storm severity; however, the variability in cumulative cluster impact over a beach/dune cross section due to storm chronology is minimal. Initial storm impact can act to enhance or reduce the system resilience to subsequent impact, but overall the cumulative impact is controlled by the magnitude and number of the storms. This model application provides inter-survey information about morphological response to repeated storm impact. This will inform local managers of the potential beach response and dune vulnerability to variable storm configurations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of storm chronology on the morphological changes of the Formby beach and dune system, UK

Dissanayake

Brown

Karunarathna

2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…For small net LST, the ability to redistribute nourishment is limited, so nourishment should cover the whole of the eroding coastline. Wherever the beach is narrow (i.e., may be completely eroded within a short time period), and a drastic modification of the natural environment is not viable, sand may be accumulated creating new dune systems, thus reinforcing the existing beach [55,56].…”

Section: Urbanized Low Sandy Coastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability Analysis of the Venetian Littoral and Adopted Mitigation Strategy

Ruol

Martinelli

Favaretto

2018

Water

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This paper discusses the key aspects of the recent Coastal Plan of the Veneto Region (IT). Its aim is to propose a single mitigation strategy for coastal erosion that is valid for the whole Veneto Region, and possibly elsewhere, as well as a method to assign a priority level to any action. The suggested mitigation action against erosion depends on urbanization level, beach width, as well as cross-shore and long-shore sediment transport. The criterion used to give a priority level to mitigation actions is based on a vulnerability index that takes into account erosive tendency, existing coastal flooding hazards, coast value, environmental relevance, tourist pressure, urbanization level, the presence of production activities, and cultural heritage. A sample case featuring the littoral of Rosolina is also provided and includes a site description, the sediment budget, critical issues and possible mitigation measures.

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Prioritizing localized management actions for seagrass conservation and restoration using a species distribution model

Adams

Saunders

Maxwell

et al. 2015

Aquatic Conservation

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Seagrass habitat is globally threatened from the cumulative impact of human activities on coastal ecosystems. Successful conservation and restoration of seagrass requires knowledge of the environmental factors that limit seagrass presence; however, quantifying the relative importance of these environmental factors is a significant challenge. To resolve this issue, a species distribution model (SDM) for seagrass was constructed from a range of data collected at different spatial and temporal resolutions in Moreton Bay, Australia. Mean annual benthic light availability, significant wave height, and sediment settling time (calculated from sediment size distribution) were the environmental factors predicting seagrass presence in the model, which was calibrated and validated using maps of seagrass cover from 2004 and 2011, respectively. The SDM correctly classified seagrass presence/absence in 85% of cases for calibration to 2004 data and 88% of cases for validation to 2011 data. Application of the SDM to 12 regions of 10–100 km2 size within the study area demonstrated that the environmental factors limiting seagrass presence (i.e. either threatening seagrass that is present or hindering its colonization if seagrass is absent) varied substantially between these regions. For example, seagrass presence in the regions Waterloo Bay and Central West was predicted to be limited by their high mud content, while in the region Deception Bay South, light availability was the major limiting factor. The results demonstrate that SDMs need to be developed on a sufficiently broad scale to capture significant variability in environmental conditions. These models can then be applied at finer scales to assess management options based on the local environmental conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Shifting sands? Coastal protection by sand banks, beaches and dunes

Cited by 164 publications

References 44 publications

Impacts of storm chronology on the morphological changes of the Formby beach and dune system, UK

Impacts of storm chronology on the morphological changes of the Formby beach and dune system, UK

Vulnerability Analysis of the Venetian Littoral and Adopted Mitigation Strategy

Prioritizing localized management actions for seagrass conservation and restoration using a species distribution model

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