Shifting Identities Shifting Racisms

Bhavnani, Kum‐Kum; Phoenix, Ann

doi:10.1177/0959353594041001

Cited by 88 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Such approaches suggest that the bonds of ethnic ties and the fixity of boundaries have been replaced by shifting and fluid identities. Recent research supports this view (Back 1996, Bhavnani and Phoenix 1994, Modood et al 1997. Such shifts fundamentally alter the ethnic landscape.…”

Section: Diaspora As a Condition: The Nation Destabilisedsupporting

confidence: 48%

Evaluating `Diaspora': Beyond Ethnicity?

Anthias¹

1998

Sociology

192

133

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This paper evaluates the use of the concept of 'diaspora' as an alternative way of thinking about transnational migration and ethnic relations to those ways that rely on 'race' and 'ethnicity'. It examines the heuristic potential of the concept, as a descriptive typological tool and as a social condition and societal process. Both approaches are described and key elements within each are assessed. It is argued that although very different in emphasis, and though containing different strengths and weaknesses, both approaches are problematised by their reliance on a notion of deterritorialised ethnicity which references the primordial bonds of 'homeland'. It is also argued that both approaches are unable to attend fully to 'intersectionality', that is to issues of class, gender and transethnic alliances. It is concluded that although potentially enabling a broader sweep of questions that can relate to the transnational aspects of population movements and settlement, the concept of 'diaspora', as it has been articulated so far, does not overcome fully some of the problems identified with the 'ethnicity' problematic. Key words: class, concepts, culture, diaspora, ethnicity, gender, intersections, transnational migration. © COPYRIGHT 1998 British Sociological Association Publication Ltd. (UK)Recent debates on the configuration of ethnic and 'race' boundaries in an era of global transformations, have re-focused academic attention on the concept of 'diaspora'. 'Diaspora' denotes transnational movement and ties in with arguments around globalisation and the growth of non-nation based solidarities (Robertson 1992, Appadurai 1990 in the contemporary period. Debates on globalisation have identified the economic and political dismantling of national borders, as well as the growth of transnational cultural formations (Featherstone 1990, Robertson 1995. New notions of diaspora identities and experiences (in, for example, Hall 1990, Gilroy 1993, Bhabha 1990, Cohen 1993, Clifford 1994, Brah 1996 have emerged. This also follows a wider tendency to insert and promote a less essentialised and more historically and analytically informed vocabulary into the traditional concerns of 'race and ethnic relations', which have dominated the field (see, for example, Miles 1989, Anthias 1990, Anthias and Yuval Davis 1992, Hall 1990, Gilroy 1993, Mason 1994, Brah 1996. Claims have been made for the concept of 'diaspora' that require casting a critical eye over it. The term now constitutes kind of mantra, being used to describe the processes of settlement and adaptation relating to a large range of transnational migration movements (see for, example,

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Section: Diaspora As a Condition: The Nation Destabilisedsupporting

confidence: 48%

Evaluating `Diaspora': Beyond Ethnicity?

Anthias¹

1998

Sociology

192

133

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“…Empirical studies have begun to appear in psychology which attend both to the broader context of psychoanalytic themes in discourse and to the practical struggles for identity that can take place within the cultural spaces that condition and contain them (Henwood, 1993). Recent attempts to highlight theoretical reasons for meshing together notions of socially situated identities and the multiple, contradictory, and shifting realm of unconscious subjectivity (see Bhavnani and Phoenix, 1994) may well enhance the explanatory scope and potential of studies such as these.…”

Section: Discursive and Reflexive: The Approach Of Discourse Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Beyond the qualitative paradigm: A framework for introducing diversity within qualitative psychology

Henwood

Pidgeon

1994

Community & Applied Soc Psy

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The case for qualitative research in psychology is considered. We argue against the idea that qualitative research is merely a matter of technique or method, and question the utility of viewing it as a unitary paradigm. Rather, the links between epistemology, methodology, and method are explored within three theorized strands of qualitative inquiry, making reference to illustrative projects. Each strand is organized around a different approach to the issues of justifying and warranting psychological knowledge: (1) reliability and validity; (2) generativity and grounding; and (3) discourse and reflexivity. These are exemplified in Miles and Huberman's 'data display' model, Glaser and Strauss' method of 'grounded theory', and in various forms of 'discourse' analysis. Reflections upon points of contact between the three strands address two main issues: (1) rendering research publicly accountable; and (2) challenging relativism.Key words: Qualitative psychology, epistemology, reliabilityhalidity, grounded theory, discourse.What does qualitative research have to offer social, community and applied psychology? Are we talking about a new qualitative research 'paradigm', or merely an additional set of research strategies or methods? What implications does the answer to this question have for our understanding of the way research can and should proceed in psychology? In particular, does it change our view of the evaluative criteria by which the outcomes of research may be judged or assessed? Questions such as these are important within the discipline of psychology at the present time.As is well known, the history of academic psychology is one of widespread acceptance of a received view of scientific research. This view privileges the use of precise measurement (and hence quantification) alongside the (optimally experimental) control and manipulation of variables, in the service of the 'objective', empirical testingWe would like to thank Steve Reicher for his insightful comments on a previous version of this paper.They were instrumental in helping us to redraft the paper and make it accessible to a wider audience.

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“…3 When dealing with multiple/complex identities and group affiliations we should also consider their relative salience. Characteristics, such as gender, class and ethnicity assume different configurations under different circumstances; in some, gender may be more prominent, in others ethnicity or class are more significant (I shall return to this point later).…”

Section: The Intersection Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersection of Ethnicity, Gender and Class: Oriental Faculty Women in Israel

Toren

2009

Gend. Issues

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Ethnicity, gender and class are the major factors of social inequality and have been studied extensively leading to a large literature pertaining to each one of them. The issue of the intersection of ethnicity, gender and class has been introduced into the social sciences by feminist critical theory. Intersection theory postulates that minority groups are discriminated against on the basis of more than one characteristic which are ''inextricably tied'' leading to complex forms of inequality in various social domains. This study examines the intertwined effects of these factors as they are experienced and narrated by Mizrachi women (19) who are employed in universities and colleges. Although the intersection approach is generally supported by the data it was found that under certain conditions ethnicity, gender and class may be separated. One type of decomposition is when one identity encroaches upon another or others; the second is the separation of diverse identities assigning them to different life areas. These change processes do not support stereotypical dichotomies between Ashkenazi and Mizrachi, women and men and so on, and enable the creation of new hybrid identities.

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Shifting Identities Shifting Racisms

Cited by 88 publications

References 13 publications

Evaluating `Diaspora': Beyond Ethnicity?

Evaluating `Diaspora': Beyond Ethnicity?

Beyond the qualitative paradigm: A framework for introducing diversity within qualitative psychology

Intersection of Ethnicity, Gender and Class: Oriental Faculty Women in Israel

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