Shift from slow- to fast-twitch muscle fibres in skeletal muscle of newborn heterozygous and homozygous myostatin-knockout piglets

Xuan, Mei‐Fu; Luo, Zhao‐Bo; Wang, Junxia; Guo, Qing; Han, Sheng-Zhong; Jin, Song-Shan; Kang, Jin‐Dan; Yin, Xi‐Jun

doi:10.1071/rd19103

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Combined with previous study, the transformation of muscle fiber type may be related to the downregulation of MSTN expression. Different from the results of this experiment, Xuan et al's (2019) study found that when MSTN was knocked out, the proportion of Type II and Type I muscle fibers of piglets increased and decreased respectively. But at the same time, the authors also indicate that the change of muscle fiber type is regulated by a variety of specific genes, among which MRFs and MEF2 occupy the core position in the regulation of muscle fiber.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Effect of high‐concentrate diets on mRNA expression of genes related to muscle fiber type and metabolism of psoas major muscle in goats

Ren¹,

Li²,

Xu³

et al. 2022

Animal Science Journal

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In the process of modern breeding, high‐concentrate diets are widely used to meet the high energy nutritional requirements of animals but change the form of access to energy and nutrients and the way the organism metabolizes them. Goat psoas major (PM) muscle is a hybrid skeletal muscle whose characteristics are important for the motility and meat quality of goats. However, there are few studies on the effects of high‐concentrate diets on the muscle type and metabolic characteristics of PM in goats. In this study, two treatment groups were set up: high concentrate group (HC) and control group (C). The expression of genes related to muscle type and metabolism of the PM was examined by quantitative PCR. The results showed that high concentrate promoted the conversion of PM fibers from intermediate to slow type at the mRNA level, improved the absorption, transport, and oxidation of fat by PM, and upregulated the expression of calpain system. These changes may be regulated by the involvement of differential expression of MSTN, Myf‐5, and IGF‐2. These results suggest that high concentrate may exert a positive effect on skeletal muscle function, metabolism, and meat quality in goats by affecting the expression of muscle type and metabolism‐related genes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Effect of high‐concentrate diets on mRNA expression of genes related to muscle fiber type and metabolism of psoas major muscle in goats

Ren¹,

Li²,

Xu³

et al. 2022

Animal Science Journal

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“…Protein PGC-1α stimulates not only mitochondria biogenesis and more efficient fatty acid oxidation but also irisin mRNA expression [35]. Particularly important is that myostatin promotes the remodeling of muscle tissue to increase the expression of the slow myosin heavy-chain isoform and inhibits the formation of the fast chain isoform (type II, anaerobic) [77,78]. In this context, the increase in plasma myostatin in response to exercise in horses could have a negative impact on the increase in the fast myosin heavy chain isoform, thereby protecting the organism against the overproduction of lactic acid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of Circulating Irisin and Myostatin in Race and Endurace Purebred Arabian Horses—Preliminary Study

Kowalik

Wiśniewska

Kędzierski

et al. 2020

Animals

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Skeletal muscle is considered to be the largest endocrine organ determining the maintenance of energy homeostasis. Adaptive changes in skeletal muscles in response to physical exercise influence the production as well as secretion of myokines, which are bioactive factors that play a crucial role in energy expenditure processes. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of two different types of exercise on the circulating level of two of these, myostatin and irisin, in trained horses. Twenty purebred Arabian horses were involved in the study: 10 three-year-old horses trained on the racetrack and 10 endurance horses aged 7.4 ± 1.9 years. The horses from both groups were regularly trained throughout the entire season, during which they also participated in Polish National competitions. To assess the influence of the training sessions on plasma myostatin and irisin concentrations, blood samples taken at rest and 30 min after the end of exercise were analyzed. In the studied horses, the single bout of exercise did not influence plasma irisin but induced an increase in plasma myostatin concentration. In racehorses, plasma irisin concentration decreased with the length of the training season. Plasma myostatin was higher in endurance horses than in three-year-old racehorses. Lack of exercise-induced fluctuation in circulating irisin in studied horses suggests that myostatin released in response to exercise provides a negative feedback signal to irisin release.

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“…One of these MSTN -edited models, its progeny, or its crosses were further investigated . These include investigations on fiber-type distribution and expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms; shift from slow- to fast-twitch muscle fibers in skeletal muscle; internal organ size; semen quality and fertilization ability; reproductive trait characterization in MSTN -edited crosses; collagen-related pathological features (umbilical hernia and tippy toe standing); regulation of body fat deposition; fibrinogen levels and fibrin clot structure; esophageal striated muscle development and regulation of muscle fiber types; extraocular muscles; cardiac extracellular matrix; growth of smooth muscle in uterine horns of MSTN mutant gilts; smooth muscle content in corpus cavernosum of MSTN mutant boars; erythrocyte osmotic fragility, hematological parameters, and fatty acid composition of serum and erythrocyte membranes; miR-455-3p regulation of myoblast differentiation; composition and alteration of gut microbiota; analysis of meat and fatty acids characteristics; and development of a restriction enzyme-mediated PCR-RFLP assay for genotyping MSTN mutant pigs …”

Section: Targeting the Mstn Gene In Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Less Is More: Targeting the Myostatin Gene in Livestock for Augmenting Meat Production

Kalds

Zhou

Huang

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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How to increase meat production is one of the main questions in animal breeding. Selection for improved body weight has been made and, due to recent genomic advances, naturally occurring variants that are responsible for controlling economically relevant phenotypes have been revealed. The myostatin (MSTN) gene, a superstar gene in animal breeding, was discovered as a negative controller of muscle mass. In some livestock species, natural mutations in the MSTN gene could generate the agriculturally desirable double-muscling phenotype. However, some other livestock species or breeds lack these desirable variants. Genetic modification, particularly gene editing, offers an unprecedented opportunity to induce or mimic naturally occurring mutations in livestock genomes. To date, various MSTN-edited livestock species have been generated using different gene modification tools. These MSTN gene-edited models have higher growth rates and increased muscle mass, suggesting the high potential of utilizing MSTN gene editing in animal breeding. Additionally, post-editing investigations in most livestock species support the favorable influence of targeting the MSTN gene on meat quantity and quality. In this Review, we provide a collective discussion on targeting the MSTN gene in livestock to further encourage its utilization opportunities. It is expected that, shortly, MSTN gene-edited livestock will be commercialized, and MSTN-edited meat will be on the tables of ordinary customers.

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Shift from slow- to fast-twitch muscle fibres in skeletal muscle of newborn heterozygous and homozygous myostatin-knockout piglets

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of high‐concentrate diets on mRNA expression of genes related to muscle fiber type and metabolism of psoas major muscle in goats

Effect of high‐concentrate diets on mRNA expression of genes related to muscle fiber type and metabolism of psoas major muscle in goats

Concentrations of Circulating Irisin and Myostatin in Race and Endurace Purebred Arabian Horses—Preliminary Study

When Less Is More: Targeting the Myostatin Gene in Livestock for Augmenting Meat Production

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