Shh signaling is essential for rugae morphogenesis in mice

Lee, Jong Min; Miyazawa, Seita; Shin, Jeong Oh; Kwon, Hyuk Jae; Kang, Dae Woon; Choi, Byung Jai; Lee, Jae Ho; Kondo, Shigeru; Cho, Sung Won; Jung, Han Sung

doi:10.1007/s00418-011-0870-7

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…, 30 Orientation of the primary palatal rugae was found to have significant differences on the left side, and the first primary rugae were found to be posteriorly directed more frequently in Class II division 2 group. Previous study reported insignificant differences in the orientation of primary palatal rugae 7 . The possible reason of conflicting results could be due to the fact that rugae are asymmetric structures and the mechanism of their development and establishment has been poorly understood 31 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The association between palatal rugae pattern and dental malocclusion

Fatima

Fida

Shaikh³

2019

Dental Press J. Orthod.

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Introduction: Palatal rugae complete its development during early intrauterine life, whereas dental malocclusions in permanent dentition establishes several years into the post-natal life. Objective: The objective of present study was to determine if there is an association between the palatal rugae pattern and Angle’s classes of malocclusion. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on pretreatment dental casts of 184 patients. The sample was divided into the following groups: Class I, Class II div. 1, Class II div. 2, and Class III. The number of palatal rugae was recorded, bilaterally. The length, pattern and orientation of three anterior-most primary rugae on both sides were recorded. Results: The mean age of the study sample was 17.8 ± 5.4 years. The mean number of the palatal rugae was 11.18 ± 2.5, with significant differences among different malocclusion groups. The length of the first rugae on left side and third rugae on both sides varied significantly among the groups (p< 0.05). Similarly, the pattern of palatal rugae was also found to be significantly different among the malocclusion groups. The right sided rugae did not have any significant difference in the orientation in different malocclusion groups; however, the left sided rugae showed significant differences among the four malocclusion groups (p< 0.001). Conclusions: The current study showed subtle differences in the palatal rugae pattern among the Angle’s classes of malocclusion. Similarly, the length and orientation of some rugae were also found to be significantly different between malocclusion groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The association between palatal rugae pattern and dental malocclusion

Fatima

Fida

Shaikh³

2019

Dental Press J. Orthod.

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“…Scientific Reports | (2020) 10:19074 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76240-w www.nature.com/scientificreports/ broader and ectopic rugae distributed in a widespread manner across the palate 23,56 ; whilst conditional loss of Shh in the oral epithelium or pharmacological inhibition in palatal shelf explants also results in the formation of highly disorganised and ectopic rugae 23,57 . Together, these data suggest that much like Sprouty, SHH acts as an inhibitor within this system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palatal rugae morphology is associated with variation in tooth number

Armstrong

Seehra

Andiappan

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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This observational study compared palatal rugae morphology in adolescent subjects with normal tooth number and tooth agenesis. Maxillary dental study casts were used to compare rugae number, length and shape. Each study group contained 60 subjects (30 females and 30 males) mean age 13.4 (SD, 1.55) in control and 13.56 (SD, 1.54) years in tooth agenesis groups (p = 0.576). Mean number of missing tooth units in the tooth agenesis group was 2.1. Mean number of primary rugae in the whole sample was 4.35 (SD, 0.98) on the right and 4.33 (SD, 0.92) on the left with no significant differences (p = 0.236 and p = 0.404, respectively). However, the number of secondary rugae on the left (p = 0.006) and fragmentary rugae on the right (p = 0.004) was significantly increased in the tooth agenesis group. The shape of left primary rugae 2 and 3 also differed between groups, tending towards a wavy pattern in the control group and curved in the tooth agenesis group (p = 0.012 and p = 0.004, respectively). In addition, primary rugae 3 was more convergent (p = 0.008) whilst left primary rugae 3 and 5 were orientated in an antero-posterior direction (p = 0.04 for both rugae) in the tooth agenesis group. Subgroup analysis also identified significant associations between patterns of tooth agenesis and rugae number, in addition to shape of primary rugae. The identification of significant differences in rugae pattern between subjects with normal tooth number and agenesis suggests potential commonality in signal pathway disruption during establishment of these structures.

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“…The Shh pathway is also implicated in patterning cusps and teeth. Extra incisors and molars and abnormal rugae patterns were reported in mice with suppressed Shh activity (Cho et al 2011; Lee et al 2011). Suppression of Shh signaling activity in vitro increases the number of cusps in wild-type tooth germs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shh Plays an Inhibitory Role in Cusp Patterning by Regulation of Sostdc1

et al. 2018

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Crown shapes in mammalian teeth vary considerably from species to species, and morphological characters in crown shape have been used to identify species. Cusp pattern is one of the characters in crown shape. In the processes governing the formation of cusp pattern, the Shh pathway has been implicated as an important player. Suppression of Shh signaling activity in vitro in explant assays appears to induce supernumerary cusp formation in wild-type tooth germs. However, the in vivo role of Shh signaling in cusp pattern formation and the molecular mechanisms by which Shh regulates cusp patterning are not clear. Here, through in vivo phenotypic analyses of mice in which Shh activity was suppressed and compared with wild-type mice, we characterized differences in the location, number, incidence, and shape of supernumerary cusps in molars at embryonic day 15.5. We found that the distances between cusps were reduced in molars of Shh activity–suppressed mice in vivo. These findings confirm and extend the previous idea that Shh acts as an inhibitor in the reaction-diffusion model for cusp pattern formation by negatively regulating the intercuspal distance. We uncovered a significant reduction of expression level of Sostdc1, which encodes a secreted modulator of Wnt signaling, after suppression of Shh activity. The supernumerary cusp formation in Sostdc1−/− mice and compound Sostdc1 and Lrp mutant mice indicates a strong association between Wnt and Shh signaling pathways in cusp patterning. In further support of this idea, there is a high degree of similarity in the supernumerary cusp patterns of mice lacking Sostdc1 or Shh at embryonic day 15.5. These results suggest that Shh plays an inhibitory role in cusp pattern formation by modulating Wnt signaling through the positive regulation of Sostdc1.

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Shh signaling is essential for rugae morphogenesis in mice

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

The association between palatal rugae pattern and dental malocclusion

The association between palatal rugae pattern and dental malocclusion

Palatal rugae morphology is associated with variation in tooth number

Shh Plays an Inhibitory Role in Cusp Patterning by Regulation of Sostdc1

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