“…These microstructures are classified according to criteria such as the orientation and aggregation of crystallites, the size and shape of crystallites or their structural units, the constituent minerals, and the presence or absence of an organic matrix [e.g., Carter et al ., ]. Shell microstructures in Bivalvia have been studied predominantly in relation to taxonomy [ Taylor , ; Kobayashi , ; Uozumi and Suzuki , ; Carter , ; Sato et al ., ], phylogeny [ Taylor et al ., , ; Shimamoto , ; Hikida , ], and crystallography [ Ubukata , ; Checa and Rodríguez‐Navarro , ; Ubukata , ; Checa et al ., , 2013]. These studies have shown that some bivalve species crystallize shells with a single constituent mineral whereas others form a shell composed of both calcite and aragonite (e.g., a calcitic outer prismatic layer and an aragonitic inner nacreous layer in pearl mussels).…”