Shell architecture, element composition, and stable isotope signature of the giant deep-sea oyster Neopycnodonte zibrowii sp. n. from the NE Atlantic

Wisshak, Max; Correa, Matthias López; Gofas, Serge; Salas, Carmen; Taviani, Marco; Jakobsen, Joachim; Freiwald, André

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2008.10.002

Cited by 101 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…2i; Wisshak et al, 2009a), the cyrtocrinid Cyathidium foresti (Wisshak et al, 2009b) and the deep-sea oyster Neopycnodonte zibrowii ( Fig. 2k; Wisshak et al, 2009c). The latter two primarily thrive protected under hardground overhangs and along steep cliff faces.…”

Section: The Bathymetric Transectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, these measurements are indispensable for calculating temperature-related expected equilibrium isotope compositions in calcareous skeletons and to evaluate their vital effects, as undertaken for instance with the present 500 m data for the deep-sea oyster Neopycnodonte zibrowii by Wisshak et al (2009c), the stylasterid hydrocoral Errina dabneyi by Wisshak et al (2009a), and solitary scleractinians by Marali et al (2009).…”

Section: Seawater Stable Isotope Signaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the aphotic deeper water masses, carbonate accretion is very slow and epibenthic communities take many years to mature. Indeed, long-lived taxa, like deep-sea oysters (Wisshak et al, 2009c), hydrocorals (Wisshak et al, 2009a), scleractinians (e.g. Adkins et al, 2004) and isidid octocorals (Matsumoto, 2009), may be important (accretionary) carbonate producers on decadal to centennial timescales.…”

Section: Carbonate Bioerosion and Accretion Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperate carbonate cycling and water mass properties from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores)

Wisshak¹,

Form

Jakobsen³

et al. 2010

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. The rugged submarine topography of the Azores supports a diverse heterozoan association resulting in intense biotically-controlled carbonate-production and accumulation. In order to characterise this cold-water (C) factory a 2-year experiment was carried out in the southern Faial Channel to study the biodiversity of hardground communities and for budgeting carbonate production and degradation along a bathymetrical transect from the intertidal to bathyal 500 m depth.Seasonal temperatures peak in September (above a thermocline) and bottom in March (stratification diminishes) with a decrease in amplitude and absolute values with depth, and tidal-driven short-term fluctuations. Measured seawater stable isotope ratios and levels of dissolved nutrients decrease with depth, as do the calcium carbonate saturation states. The photosynthetic active radiation shows a base of the euphotic zone in ∼70 m and a dysphotic limit in ∼150 m depth.Bioerosion, being primarily a function of light availability for phototrophic endoliths and grazers feeding upon them, is ∼10 times stronger on the illuminated upside versus the shaded underside of substrates in the photic zone, with maximum rates in the intertidal (−631 g/m 2 /yr). Rates rapidly decline towards deeper waters where bioerosion and carbonate accretion are slow and epibenthic/endolithic communities take years to mature. Accretion rates are highest in the lower euphotic zone (955 g/m 2 /yr), where the substrate is less prone to hydrodynamic force. Highest rates are found -inversely to bioerosion -on down-facing substrates, suggesting that bioerosion may be a key factor governing the preferCorrespondence to: M. Wisshak (max.wisshak@gzn.uni-erlangen.de) ential settlement and growth of calcareous epilithobionts on down-facing substrates.In context of a latitudinal gradient, the Azores carbonate cycling rates plot between known values from the coldtemperate Swedish Kosterfjord and the tropical Bahamas, with a total range of two orders in magnitude. Carbonate budget calculations for the bathymetrical transect yield a mean 266.9 kg of epilithic carbonate production, −54.6 kg of bioerosion, and 212.3 kg of annual net carbonate production per metre of coastline in the Azores C factory.

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Section: The Bathymetric Transectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seawater Stable Isotope Signaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Carbonate Bioerosion and Accretion Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperate carbonate cycling and water mass properties from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores)

Wisshak¹,

Form

Jakobsen³

et al. 2010

Biogeosciences

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“…Given that thick-shelled oysters are known from open marine environments (Kirby 2001) as well as from dark unproductive caves and deep-water rock walls (Hayami and Kase 1992;Wisshak et al 2009), the oyster syndrome requires an explanation that does not depend on the presence of photosymbionts. Moreover, as I shall show below, the oyster enigma and its variations extend to many other calcification-related phenomena as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oyster enigma variations: a hypothesis of microbial calcification

Vermeij¹

2014

Paleobiology

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Oysters, whose inner shell layer contains chambers, vesicles, and sometimes chalky deposits, often have extraordinarily thick shells of large size, prompting the idea that there is something unusual about the process of shell fPormation in these and similarly structured bivalves with the oyster syndrome. I propose the hypothesis that calcifying microbes, especially sulfate-reducing bacteria growing on organic substrates in fluid-filled shell-wall chambers, are responsible for shell calcification away from the shell-secreting mantle of the host bivalve. Other phenomena, including the formation of cameral deposits in fossil cephalopods, the cementation of molluscs and barnacles to hard substrata, the formation of a calcified intriticalx on the shell's exterior, and cementation of objects by gastropods on the shell for camouflage, may also involve calcifying bacteria. Several lines of inquiry are suggested to test these hypotheses.

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“…Campana (1999) list marine fish otoliths as having a mean Mg:Ca ratios of approximately 117 Atmol mo 1 ', while most values in the present study are below 100 jpmol mol-1 . Mollusc shells and corals tend to have even higher Mg:Ca, often above 1 mmol mol' (Carr6 et al, 2006;Shirai et al, 2008) with the calcitic portion of a deep-sea oyster shell reaching values of 22.5 mmol mol "1 (Wisshak et al, 2009); although Rio et al (1992) (Dorval et al, 2007), shells from Chione subrugosa had values as high as 3600 iimol mol "1 (Carr6 et al, 2006) and Acropora nobilis coral skeletons were even higher, ranging up to 9500 pmol mol~' (Shirai et al, 2008), yet the zoarcid values are still substantially higher. Sr:Ca incorporation can be influenced not only by the Sr:Ca concentration of the organisms environment, but also by environmental temperature (Bath et al, 2000;Elsdon and Gillanders, 2002;Richardson et al, 2004) and, at least for molluscs, growth rate (Stecher et al, 1996;Carr6 et al, 2006).…”

Section: -Th25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic and abiotic interactions of deep-sea hydrothermal vent-endemic fish on the East Pacific Rise

Buckman¹

2009

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A study of the ecology of fish endemic to hydrothermal vents on the East Pacific Rise was undertaken utilizing a variety of techniques, focusing on the bythitid Thermichthys hollisi. Stable isotope and gut content analyses were used to elucidate prey choice and trophic relationships. Otolith chemical signatures were investigated to determine whether this technique could be utilized to examine life history strategy and habitat use. Chemical characteristics of preferred fish habitat and gene expression responses habitat chemistry were explored. Gut contents indicated that T. hollisi specimens were actively feeding upon a combination of brachyuran crabs, Alvinocaris shrimp, polychaetes, and zoarcid fish with the majority of fish containing evidence of crustacean prey. Carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur stable isotopic measurements support a chemosynthetically based prey source and place T. hollisi in the uppermost trophic levels of vent communities. The influence of exposure to hydrothermal fluids was apparent in otoliths from both species of vent fish, most noticeably within the relatively elevated Sr:Ca and depleted Mg:Ca ratios. Otolith chemistry suggested that the zoarcid Thermarces cerberus experiences greater direct exposure to diffuse fluids than does T. hollisi, which is concurrent with apparent habitat preferences. Isotopic patterns across the span of the otolith suggested that T. cerberus spends its entire life within the vent system. In contrast, it appeared that T. hollisi exists outside of the influence of hydrothermal activity for some early portion of its life-cycle. Time-lapse photography and in situ electrochemistry indicated that T. hollisi are preferentially utilizing fish holes where there are elevated temperatures and sulfide levels, and variable oxygen levels in comparison to ambient bottom water. A fragment of Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase was successfully amplified from T. hollisi mRNA, but there were no differences in expression levels between tissue types or among individuals within the small sample examined. In general, it appears that T. hollisi is both influenced by and may exert a greater influence on hydrothermal vent communities to a greater degree than initially hypothesized.Thesis Supervisor: Timothy M. Shank Title: Associate Scientist, Biology Department, Wood Hole Oceanographic Institution Ackiowledgements This thesis could not have been accomplished without the support of a variety of people who have been there for me both personally and professionally throughout the past six years. My advisor, Tim, has provided me with innumerable opportunities to expand my horizons, and has always allowed me the freedom to pursue my own interests, even if the road I wanted to go down was not what many would have viewed as the logical choice. When he realized that yes, I really only wanted to work on fish, he helped make that dream a reality. He and the rest of my committee: Simon, Mark, Leona, and George, have always been helpful, supportive, and willing to answer any questions that I might ha...

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Shell architecture, element composition, and stable isotope signature of the giant deep-sea oyster Neopycnodonte zibrowii sp. n. from the NE Atlantic

Cited by 101 publications

References 63 publications

Temperate carbonate cycling and water mass properties from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores)

Temperate carbonate cycling and water mass properties from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores)

The oyster enigma variations: a hypothesis of microbial calcification

Biotic and abiotic interactions of deep-sea hydrothermal vent-endemic fish on the East Pacific Rise

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