Sheep oestrosis (Oestrus ovis Linné 1761, Diptera: Oestridae) in Sardinia, Italy

Scala, Antonio; Solinas, Giuliana; Citterio, Carlo Vittorio; Kramer, Laura; Genchi, C.

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(01)00515-5

Cited by 47 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…The mean intensity of infestation reported in this study (16.8) was similar to that previously reported in Sardinia, Italy (SCALA et al, 2001) and Southwestern Spain (ALCAIDE et al, 2003), with mean intensities of 19 and 18.5 larvae per infested head, respectively; but lower than that found in Southwestern France with 24.8 larvae (YILMA;DORCHIES, 1991) and Northeastern Spain with 37.9 (GRACIA et al, 2010). It is noteworthy that a high percentage of first larval instar were found by those authors, especially during the colder months.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Epidemiology of Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae) in sheep in Botucatu, State of São Paulo

Silva

Bassetto

Amarante

2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The seasonal factors that influence Oestrus ovis infestation in sheep were determined in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, Southwestern Brazil, from April 2008 to March 2011. Two tracer lambs were monthly exposed to natural infestation by O. ovis larvae for 28 consecutive days, by grazing with a sheep flock. Tracer animals were then euthanized and the larvae of O. ovis recovered from nasal and sinus cavities. Of the 72 tracer lambs, 50% were infested with O. ovis larvae and the mean intensity of infestation per head infested was 16.8 larvae, with an average of 7.8 L1, 5.3 L2 and 3.7 L3. O. ovis larvae were present during the four seasons of the year, but the mean larval burden was significantly higher during the spring and summer months, compared to winter (P < 0.05). The highest rate of larvae recovery coincided with mean temperatures between 20 °C and 25 °C and air relative humidity around 70%. Results suggest that evolution and development of O. ovis practically occurs throughout the entire year, with larval infestation especially frequent during the spring and summer months.Keywords: Oestrus ovis, epidemiology, sheep. ResumoOs fatores sazonais que influenciam a infestação por larvas de Oestrus ovis, foram determinados no período de abril de 2008 a março de 2011, em ovinos criados em Botucatu, São Paulo, região Sudeste do Brasil. Mensalmente, dois cordeiros traçadores permaneceram em pastejo com um rebanho ovino durante 28 dias consecutivos, expostos à infestação natural por larvas de O. ovis. Em seguida, os cordeiros foram sacrificados, e as larvas de O. ovis recuperadas da cavidade nasal e seios frontais. Dos 72 cordeiros traçadores, 50% estavam infestados por larvas de O. ovis, com intensidade média de infestação de 16,8 larvas/cabeça infestada, com média de 7,8 L1, 5,3 L2 e 3,7 L3. As larvas de O. ovis foram recuperadas durante as quatro estações do ano, mas o número médio de larvas foi significativamente superior durante os meses de primavera e verão comparado aos meses de inverno (P < 0,05). A maior taxa de recuperação larval coincidiu com temperaturas médias entre 20 °C e 25 °C e umidade relativa do ar por volta de 70%. Os resultados sugerem que a evolução e desenvolvimento de O. ovis ocorre praticamente durante o ano inteiro, mas a infestação é mais frequente nos meses de primavera e verão.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Epidemiology of Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae) in sheep in Botucatu, State of São Paulo

Silva

Bassetto

Amarante

2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Dorchies et al (2000) reported prevalence of 45.8 % and 65 % in sheep, in September and October, respectively, in the south of France. Highest prevalence values have only been recorded in the island of Sardinia, with 89.6 % in September and 96.2 % in October (Scala et al, 2001). During September and October, the larval population was mainly represented by the L1 stage, with 80 % in September and 84.1 % in October, followed by L2, with 16.5 % and 12.7 % and finally by L3, which represented the 3.6 % and 3.2 % (Table I).…”

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confidence: 99%

High prevalence of myiasis byOestrus ovisin the Balearic Islands

et al. 2009

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Sir, Oestrosis is a myiasis of world-wide distribution, caused by the infestation of the larvae of Oestrus ovis Linnaeus, 1761 (Diptera: Oestridae) into the nasal cavities of sheep and goats. The Oestrus ovis infestation produces severe losses in wool, meat and milk production in animals (Horak et al., 1976). In 2008, we carried out the first survey of ovine oestrosis in the island of Majorca (Spain). We found the highest prevalence rates of ovine oestrosis in Spain and probably one of the highest reported in the Mediterranean region. From the 206 adult sheep (> 2 years old) examined, 87.6 % and 81.2 % (September and October, respectively) were infested with Oestrus ovis larvae. Our data strongly indicates that control measures should be immediately applied to protect both animals and human populations.. Material and methods During September and October, 2008 we examined 206 sheep (> 2 years old) heads from the island of Majorca (the largest of the Balearic archipelago), obtained from 25 free ranging flocks, from seven localities in September and 17 flocks, from nine Majorcan localities in October. Animals were examined at the city's largest slaughter house. Heads were cut in a mid-sagittal plane, and larvae were searched in the nasal cavities, turbinates, middle meatus, septum, and sinuses of the animals. Larval stages were collected and identified following the key of Zumpt (1965 year, when 95 of the 117 (81.2 %) animals examined were positive to the infestation. In total, 1851 larvae were collected from the 206 heads examined. The prevalence of the disease in the island of Majorca is higher than that reported by Alcaide et al. (2003) for sheep of the south-western region of Spain, which is the area with the highest prevalence records of the country (Reina et al., 2001;Alcaide et al., 2005). The prevalence rates of oestrosis in Majorca appear also higher than those reported other European countries. In Turkey, Uslu & Dik (2006) reported less than 80 % prevalence rates in sheep in September and October. Dorchies et al. (2000) reported prevalence of 45.8 % and 65 % in sheep, in September and October, respectively, in the south of France. Highest prevalence values have only been recorded in the island of Sardinia, with 89.6 % in September and 96.2 % in October (Scala et al., 2001). During September and October, the larval population was mainly represented by the L1 stage, with 80 % in September and 84.1 % in October, followed by L2, with 16.5 % and 12.7 % and finally by L3, which represented the 3.6 % and 3.2 % (Table I). This indicates an active flying activity of adult O. ovis flies in this period, which is consistent with other studies in Spain (Gracia et al., 2006).

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“…When the results of our study were compared with those of the previous studies from Turkey, the prevalence of the disease in sheep were found to be higher than that reported from Kars (40.3%) (Arslan et al, 2009), Konya (59%) (Uslu and Dik, 2006), Sanliurfa (36.7%) (Gökcen and Sevgili, 2004), Nigde (22.52%) (Karatepe et al, 2014). When compared with the studies from the world, while it was higher than in Libya (51.66%) (Negm-Eldin et al, 2015), Greece (48.6%) (Papadopoulos et al, 2006), Saudi Arabia (53.5%) (Hanan, 2013) and Brazil (13.7%) (Silva et al, 2013), it was lower than in Central Oramina Ethipia (94.6%) (Alem et al, 2010) and Italy (91%) (Scala et al, 2001). The ratios are similar with those from Spain (71.1% and 75.9%) (Alcaide et al, 2003;Gracia et al, 2010), Morocco and Greece (69.2% and 75.9%) (Pandey and Ouhelli, 1984;Papadopoulos et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The differences in the infestation rates with regards to the seasons were determined to be statistically significant (p<0.01) ( Table 3). Most of the studies conducted around the world and in Turkey reported that O. ovis larvae have been identified in sheep every month of the year (Yilma and Dorchies, 1991;Dorchies, 2000;Scala et al, 2001;Alcaide et al, 2003;Gökcen and Sevgili, 2004;Uslu and Dik, 2006;Arslan et al, 2009;Gebremedhin, 2011). In this study, O. ovis infestation was detected in all the months and while the highest infestation rate in sheep was found in June (89.06%) and November (87.5%), all of the goat heads examined in June, December, January and February (100%) were found to be infested with O. ovis larvae.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and intensity of Oestrus ovis in sheep and goats in south-eastern part of Turkey

İpek

2017

IJAR

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Oestrosis is a parasitic disease which is prevalent among sheep and goats in Mediterranean region. Slaughter house surveys to determine the prevalence and intensity of infestation by Oestrus ovis Linnaeus (Diptera: Oestridae) in sheep and goats, were conducted monthly for one year in south-eastern region of Turkey. A total of 804 heads belonging to 724 sheep and 80 goats were examined for Oestrus ovis larvae between May 2014 and April 2015. 72.75% of sheep heads and 50% of goat heads were seen to be infested with Oestrus ovis larvae. Of a total of 4723 larvae found in sheep heads, 2245 were detected to be first instars larva, 1231 second instars larva, 1247 third instars larva. Of a total of 259 larvae detected in goats, 150 were first instars larva, 79 second instars larva, 30 third instars larva. The mean of larval burden per infested animal was significantly higher in sheep (8.8±5.9) than in goat (6.5±5.0) (P < 0.05). Monthly distribution of first, second and third instars larvae indicate that adult flies are active between April and end of September, first instars larvae enter hypobiotic period in October. In conclusion, it was revealed that to use an effective drug against Oestrus ovis that will be done during reproductive period of flies should start in April and continue until the end of summer due to high rates of oestrosis, parasite treatment that will be done when reproductive period ends should be done in October and November in the southeast part of Turkey.

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Sheep oestrosis (Oestrus ovis Linné 1761, Diptera: Oestridae) in Sardinia, Italy

Cited by 47 publications

References 7 publications

Epidemiology of Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae) in sheep in Botucatu, State of São Paulo

Epidemiology of Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae) in sheep in Botucatu, State of São Paulo

High prevalence of myiasis byOestrus ovisin the Balearic Islands

Prevalence and intensity of Oestrus ovis in sheep and goats in south-eastern part of Turkey

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