Sheep lose balance, slip and fall less when loosely packed in transit where they stand close to but not touching their neighbours

Jones, Tracey; Waitt, Corri; Dawkins, Marian Stamp

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2009.12.006

Cited by 20 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Knowles et al 1995;Knowles 1998;Jones et al 2010), little is known about their behavioural responses during transport by ship. The aim of this study was to investigate how sheep respond to simulated sea motion in their stepping behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By monitoring sheep on a moving platform simulating ship motion, found that roll motion required more stepping motions by sheep than pitch. During road transportation, Jones et al (2010) found that when sheep balance themselves against the motion of the vehicle, they widen their stance by spreading their legs sideways, as well as taking small steps forwards and backwards and rocking with the motion of the vehicle. The maintenance of balance can be influenced by environmental and animal characteristics, such as the stocking density during the trip (Broom, 2000;Cockram et al 1996;Jones et al, 2010;Randall 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of simulated sea motion on stepping behaviour in sheep

Navarro

Santurtun

Phillips

2017

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of simulated sea motion on stepping behaviour in sheep

Navarro

Santurtun

Phillips

2017

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…One is that they should be transported at low space (high stocking density) so that they can avoid slipping or falling by bracing themselves against each other. The other is that they should be transported at high space (low stocking density) to avoid slipping or falling by adopting an independent, wide stance to brace against the motion of the vehicle (Jones et al, 2010). Currently, the legislative limits for space allowance given to sheep in transport are defined for sheep weighing less than or greater than 55 kg and whether they are fleeced or shorn (Regulation 1/2005).…”

Section: Space Allowancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, for small lambs, an area of under 0.2 m 2 per animal may be provided. These recommendations might be considered inadequate (Broom and Fraser, 2007;Petherick and Phillips, 2009) as they take no account of variation in animal weight and can lead to unfeasibly large numbers of permissible sheep per pen, and this is not practical, (Jones et al, 2010). Allometric equations of the form A = kW…”

Section: Space Allowancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The value of the constant k will be determined by the spacing strategy of the sheep, whether they want to lie in transport, and whether all animals need to lie at the same time (Petherick and Phillips, 2009). Jones et al (2010) examined space requirements by measuring the incidences of loss of balance, slipping and falling at different space allowances during transport and the extent to which sheep show evidence of choosing to brace themselves against each other or to stand independently. Four categories of sheep, shorn and fleeced ewes and lambs, were transported at five space allowances on standard journeys of 6 h. Minimum space allowance was taken from the legislation, whilst medium-low, medium-high and high allowances were calculated from the allometric equation A = kW 2/3 (W: average liveweight/pen and k: empirical constant) where k values were 0.021, 0.026, and 0.037, respectively.…”

Section: Space Allowancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Scientific Opinion Concerning the Welfare of Animals during Transport

2011

EFSA Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Scientific Opinion on the welfare of animals during transport reviewed the most recent scientific information concerning the main farm species. New scientific evidence and consequent conclusions and recommendations were arranged following the structure of Annex I of EC Regulation 1/2005 5 . On fitness for transport, recommendations for cattle and poultry were focused on repeated humane handling and careful inspection prior to transport. On the means of transport, use of partitions in horse transport, compulsory fasting of pigs with provision of water at stops, and temperature limits for poultry were major recommendations. Maintaining stability of animal groups was recommended as good practice, with special emphasis on the need to avoid mixing unfamiliar pigs or goats. On watering and feeding intervals, journey times and resting periods, journey duration should not exceed 12 hours for horses and 29 hours for cattle. Horses should be supplied with water one hour before and one hour after transport, and for cattle there should be a 24 hour recovery period with access to food and water. For rabbits, time spent inside the containers during lairage should be considered journey time. Space allowance for horses should be given in terms of kg/m 2 instead of m 2 /animal. For cattle and sheep, it is recommended that space allowances should be calculated according to an allometric equation relating size to body weight. Limits for stocking densities of broilers in containers should be related to thermal conditions. On the navigation systems, temperature monitoring systems should be incorporated. Minimum standards should be established regarding data type to be recorded, the 4 The changes do not affect the overall conclusions of the opinion. To avoid confusion, the original version of the opinion has been removed from the website, but is available on request, as is a version showing all the changes made.

show abstract

Effects of road type during transport on lamb welfare and meat quality in dry hot climates

Lama

Monge

Villarroel

et al. 2011

Trop Anim Health Prod

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study determined whether transporting lambs on paved (PR) or unpaved roads (UR) for 3 h had an effect on plasma stress indicators (cortisol, lactate, glucose, creatine kinase [CK], red blood cells, white blood cells, hematocrit, and neutrophil/lymphocyte [N/L] ratio) and instrumental meat quality (pH24, bruising score, water holding capacity [WHC], color, and texture). A total of 48 Rasa Aragonesa male lambs were used that were approximately 100 days old (12.5 kg ± 1.64, carcass weight). The results suggest that transport on unpaved roads had a significant influence on physiological and hematological stress parameters. Road type had a significant effect on all variables, except for white and red blood cells, and hematocrit levels. The UR lambs had significantly higher (at least p ≤ 0.01) cortisol, lactate, glucose, and CK levels and a higher N/L ratio than PR lambs. Meat from UR lambs had some dark-cutting characteristics, with a darker color, higher ultimate pH, and higher tenderness values than PR. In conclusion, lambs transported on unpaved roads had a more intense stress response and poorer meat quality than lambs transported on paved roads. An effort to improve the logistics associated with route planning is necessary to prevent welfare problems during transport to slaughter.

show abstract

Sheep lose balance, slip and fall less when loosely packed in transit where they stand close to but not touching their neighbours

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of simulated sea motion on stepping behaviour in sheep

Effects of simulated sea motion on stepping behaviour in sheep

Scientific Opinion Concerning the Welfare of Animals during Transport

Effects of road type during transport on lamb welfare and meat quality in dry hot climates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About