Shedding of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts by Felidae in zoos in the Czech Republic

Lukešová, D.; Literák, Ivan

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00155-6

Cited by 48 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Because of the highly landscaped settings, abundance of vegetation and other food sources, zoological parks provide an ideal setting for the proliferation of a range of prey species that are also potential disease vectors [Harmon et al, 2005]. Several studies have investigated the risk of the transmission of parasitic, bacterial, and viral diseases from indigenous wildlife to zoo-housed animals [Ippen et al, 1981;Junge et al, 2007;Lukesova & Literak, 1998;Riemann et al, 1974;Sedlak & Bartova, 2006;Spencer et al, 2004;Zhang et al, 2000]. The list of infectious diseases potentially transmitted to apes includes significant zoonotic diseases such as rabies, leptospirosis, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., tularemia, and toxoplasmosis among others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between zoo‐housed great apes and local wildlife

Ross

Holmes

Lonsdorf

2009

American J Primatol

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Although there are published reports of wild chimpanzees, bonobos, and orangutans hunting and consuming vertebrate prey, data pertaining to captive apes remain sparse. In this survey-based study, we evaluate the prevalence and nature of interactions between captive great apes and various indigenous wildlife species that range into their enclosures in North America. Our hypotheses were threefold: (a) facilities housing chimpanzees will report the most frequent and most aggressive interactions with local wildlife; (b) facilities housing orangutans and bonobos will report intermediate frequencies of these interactions with low levels of aggression and killing; and (c) facilities housing gorillas will report the lowest frequency of interactions and no reports of killing local wildlife. Chimpanzees and bonobos demonstrated the most aggressive behavior toward wildlife, which matched our predictions for chimpanzees, but not bonobos. This fits well with expectations for chimpanzees based on their natural history of hunting and consuming prey in wild settings, and also supports new field data on bonobos. Captive gorillas and orangutans were reported to be much less likely to chase, catch and kill wildlife than chimpanzees and bonobos. Gorillas were the least likely to engage in aggressive interactions with local wildlife, matching our predictions based on natural history. However unlike wild gorillas, captive gorillas were reported to kill (and in one case, eat) local wildlife. These results suggest that some behavioral patterns seen in captive groups of apes may be useful for modeling corresponding activities in the wild that may not be as easily observed and quantified. Furthermore, the data highlight the potential for disease transmission in some captive settings, and we outline the associated implications for ape health and safety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between zoo‐housed great apes and local wildlife

Ross

Holmes

Lonsdorf

2009

American J Primatol

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“…The repeat shedding observed in these cats may be due to novel strains of T. gondii used for reinfection rather than nourishment status. Natural repeat shedding of T. gondii oocysts has been observed in diverse species of captive wild felids kept in zoos and has been attributed to repeated exposures to the parasite in raw meat [106]. By impacting nutritional and immune status as well as exposure to I. felis and new strains of T. gondii , diet also has the potential to influence repeat shedding in free-ranging felids.…”

Section: Oocysts At the Animal–human–environment Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecules to modeling: Toxoplasma gondii oocysts at the human–animal–environment interface

VanWormer

Fritz

Shapiro

et al. 2013

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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Environmental transmission of extremely resistant Toxoplasma gondii oocysts has resulted in infection of diverse species around the world, leading to severe disease and deaths in human and animal populations. This review explores T. gondii oocyst shedding, survival, and transmission, emphasizing the importance of linking laboratory and landscape from molecular characterization of oocysts to watershed-level models of oocyst loading and transport in terrestrial and aquatic systems. Building on discipline-specific studies, a One Health approach incorporating tools and perspectives from diverse fields and stakeholders has contributed to an advanced understanding of T. gondii and is addressing transmission at the rapidly changing human–animal–environment interface.

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“…In the case of the subspecies, Panthera tigris altaica, an occurrence of toxoplasmosis was described as a result of a single veterinary examination in a zoo (Dorny and Fransen, 1989). References regarding Felis bengalensis are poor (Patton and Rabinowitz, 1994) and those dealing with the subspecies, Felis bengalensis euptilurus, are exclusively from a Czech Republic zoo (Lukesova and Literak, 1998) or postmortem studies on wild specimens (Yasuda et al, 1993(Yasuda et al, , 1994.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coprology of Panthera tigris altaica and Felis bengalensis euptilurus From the Russian Far East

González

Carbonell

Urios³

et al. 2007

Journal of Parasitology

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Fecal samples from the Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) and the Amur cat (Felis bengalensis euptilurus) from Far Eastern Russia, were examined for parasites. A natural sedimentation methodology was used and a complete examination of all the sediment was performed. This fecal investigation allowed us to isolate and identify several developmental stages of gastrointestinal, hepatic, and respiratory parasites. Five parasites were found from P. t. altaica: 11 trematodes (Platynosomum fastosum) and 4 nematodes (Strongyloides sp., Ancylostomatidae, Toxascaris leonina, and Toxocara cati). Five parasites were found from F. b. euptilurus: 1 cestode (Diplopylidium sp.) and 4 nematodes (Trichuris sp., Ancylostomatidae, Toxascaris leonina, and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus). In addition, trophozoites of the amoeba Acanthamoeba sp. were detected in tiger feces.

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Shedding of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts by Felidae in zoos in the Czech Republic

Cited by 48 publications

References 15 publications

Interactions between zoo‐housed great apes and local wildlife

Interactions between zoo‐housed great apes and local wildlife

Molecules to modeling: Toxoplasma gondii oocysts at the human–animal–environment interface

Coprology of Panthera tigris altaica and Felis bengalensis euptilurus From the Russian Far East

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