Shear Stress-Induced Atp Release by Corneal Epithelial Cells.

Srinivas, S. P.; Fleiszig, Suzanne M. J.

doi:10.1097/00003226-200011002-00179

Cited by 2 publications

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“…To determine the role of shear stress in wound healing, the effect of physiological shear stress on cell phenotype, such as cytoskeletal reorganization, must first be taken into consideration; exposing cells to shear following damage does not mimic the physiological environment where corneal epithelial cells have been exposed to blinking consistently and thus have adopted a phenotype associated with exposure to shear stress. It is also important to note that the current in vitro models used to assess corneal epithelial cell response to shear stress in previous work [25–27,43] and even our own are limited as they have not been designed to mimic the physiological ocular environment. New in vitro models will need to be developed to better characterize the corneal epithelial cell response to shear stress.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using an “ in vitro whole-eye perfusion” model, applying shear stress to the surface of rabbit corneas led to changes in corneal epithelial cell morphology and increased shedding rate [24]. Additionally, using a cone and plate model, rabbit corneal epithelial cells exposed to shear stress were found to have increased ATP release [25]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The magnitude of flow-induced shear stress experienced by corneal epithelial cells due to blinking remains an active area of investigation, with significant variation in proposed values ranging from 0.05 [26] to 14 dyn/cm 2 [25]. To support the development of better therapeutic strategies to preserve vision, further in vitro studies are required to gain a better understanding of how HCECs may respond to the flow-induced shear stress induced by blinking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corneal epithelial cells exposed to shear stress show altered cytoskeleton and migratory behaviour

et al. 2017

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Cells that form the corneal epithelium, the outermost layer of the cornea, are exposed to shear stress through blinking during waking hours. In this in vitro study, the effect of fluid shear stress on human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) was investigated. Following exposure to shear stresses of 4 and 8 dyn/cm2, HCECs showed cytoskeletal rearrangement with more prominent, organized and elongated filamentous actin. Cytoskeletal changes were time-dependent, and were most significant after 24 hours of shear stress. Higher rates of migration and proliferation, as evaluated by a scratch assay, were also observed following 24 hours of low shear stress exposure (4 dyn/cm2). This result contrasted the poor migration observed in samples scratched before shear exposure, indicating that shear-induced cytoskeletal changes played a key role in improved wound healing and must therefore precede any damage to the cell layer. HCEC cytoskeletal changes were accompanied by an upregulation in integrin β1 and downregulation of ICAM-1. These results demonstrate that HCECs respond favourably to flow-induced shear stress, impacting their proliferation and migration properties as well as phenotype.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corneal epithelial cells exposed to shear stress show altered cytoskeleton and migratory behaviour

et al. 2017

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Effects of Diadenosine Polyphosphates on Tear Secretion in New Zealand White Rabbits

Pintor¹,

Peral²,

Hoyle³

et al. 2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Extracellular diadenosine polyphosphates play important signaling functions in a number of physiological responses. Here we show that diadenosine polyphosphates are normal constituents of tear fluid and are potent stimulators of tear secretion through their interaction with P2Y receptors. Diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap 4 A) and Ap 5 A were found in rabbit tears under basal conditions at concentrations of 2.92 and 0.58 M, respectively. Single applications of UTP, ATP, and Ap 4 A increased tear secretion to 160 Ϯ 8% (n ϭ 16) (P Ͻ 0.001), 131 Ϯ 6% (P Ͻ 0.05), and 162 Ϯ 11% (P Ͻ 0.05) of placebo values, respectively. Ap 4 A, Ap 5 A, and Ap 6 A, but not Ap 2 A and Ap 3 A, were able to stimulate tear secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Concentration-response studies produced pD 2 values of 5.56 Ϯ 0.03, 5.75 Ϯ 0.12, and 5.50 Ϯ 0.09 for Ap 4 A, Ap 5 A, and Ap 6 A, respectively, with Ap 4 A showing the greatest efficacy. Diadenosine polyphosphates also stimulated P2Y 1 and P2Y 2 receptors expressed in 1321N1 cells with no apparent effect on the other P2Y receptors tested. Nonselective P2 antagonists did not modify the tear secretion induced by UTP or Ap 4 A in rabbit eyes in vivo or in cloned receptors, except for a weak but significant reduction in stimulated tear secretion by reactive blue 2. These results suggest that diadenosine polyphosphates stimulate tear secretion via a P2Y receptormediated mechanism. Comparing the effects of diadenosine polyphosphates applied to the rabbit eye and to cloned P2Y receptors, it appears that the P2Y 2 receptor subtype is responsible for the prosecretory effects of these compounds.

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Shear Stress-Induced Atp Release by Corneal Epithelial Cells.

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Corneal epithelial cells exposed to shear stress show altered cytoskeleton and migratory behaviour

Corneal epithelial cells exposed to shear stress show altered cytoskeleton and migratory behaviour

Effects of Diadenosine Polyphosphates on Tear Secretion in New Zealand White Rabbits

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