Shear-responsive boundary-lubricated hydrogels attenuate osteoarthritis

A novel Nanocellulose-Gelatin-AS-IV external stent resists EndMT by activating autophagy to prevent restenosis of grafts

“…NC-hydrogel is widely used in tissue engineering, such as 3D cell culture and bone defects. We innovatively applied it to extravascular stents to prevent restenosis of grafted veins, which has broadened its application [ [57] , [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] ]. Markstedt et al 3D printed NC-hydrogels followed by cell culture for the reconstruction of human ear cartilage and achieved positive results; the success of this study was based on the excellent viscosity of NC-hydrogels, shear thinness, and low shear rates for good 3D printing performance [ [62] , [63] , [64] , [65] , [66] ].…”

Engineering Hyaluronic Acid for the Development of New Treatment Strategies for Osteoarthritis

“…Liposomes are one such class of molecules that have been identified to lower the friction coefficient of a biological surface via boundary lubrication [ 58 , 59 , 60 ]. The combined lubrication effects of liposomes with HA hydrogel have thus been explored as a potential treatment option for OA-affected joints [ 61 , 62 , 63 ]. This strategy allows encapsulated liposomes to provide enhanced boundary lubrication to HA hydrogel by forming a hydration shell on the gel surface and preventing the loss of water molecules from the bulk hydrogel.…”

“…This provides a challenge for hydrogels formed via covalent crosslinking, as the liposomes in the bulk phase are trapped by the tight hydrogel network and thus cannot provide boundary lubrication. One approach to tackle this issue involved the formation of a self-healing, shear-responsive, and covalently crosslinked HA hydrogel by mixing aldehyde- and hydrazide-modified HA [ 61 ]. The dynamic covalent-linked hydrogel could restructure in response to shear and allow encapsulated liposomes incorporated in the hydrogel to rearrange to the surface layer and provide lubrication to the joint.…”

Research progress of cartilage lubrication and biomimetic cartilage lubrication materials

“…Since the lattice structure cannot be changed once the conventional hydrogel is formed, once the boundary layer is damaged due to shear, the lubrication provided by the hydrogel becomes unstable as the internal liposomal microcarriers cannot be exposed until the outer surface wears off. Inspired by this, Lei et al (2022b) added liposomes containing celecoxib (CLX) to a dynamic covalently bonded hyaluronic acid hydrogel (CLX@Lipo@HA-gel) to form a shear-responsive boundary-lubricated drug-loaded hydrogel, which provides stable lubrication due to a dynamic cross-linked network that allows the hydrogel to reorganize in response to shear. In contrast, the hydrogel matrix allows the internal liposome microcarriers to accumulate on the sliding surface.…”