Shear-Induced Gelation of Self-Yielding Active Networks

Gagnon, David A.; Dessi, Claudia; Berezney, John P.; Boros, Rémi; Chen, Daniel T. N.; Dogic, Zvonimir; Blair, David F.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.125.178003

Cited by 21 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…1A) (21,22). Over the range of F-actin concentrations studied here, the elastic plateau increases from 0.01 to 2 Pa, which is higher than the elasticity of the MT networks alone (23). Consequently, the composite's viscoelasticity is dominated by the F-actin component, effectively decoupling the network's passive mechanics from the active stresses that are only generated by the MT component.…”

Section: Composite Mt-actin Networkmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Both actin polymerization and the reconfiguration of extensile MT networks are adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent processes, but they take place on different timescales. G-actin polymerizes over hours, while the active MT network rearranges on the timescale of seconds ( 23 , 28 ). Upon simply mixing all the components, the MTs formed an extensile network within minutes, which thereafter, generated substantial flows before G-actin could polymerize into F-actin.…”

Section: Controlling Initial Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extensile to contractile transition in active microtubule–actin composites generates layered asters with programmable lifetimes

Berezney

Goode

Fraden

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We study a reconstituted composite system consisting of an active microtubule network interdigitated with a passive network of entangled F-actin filaments. Increasing the concentration of filamentous actin controls the emergent dynamics, inducing a transition from turbulent-like flows to bulk contractions. At intermediate concentrations, where the active stresses change their symmetry from anisotropic extensile to isotropic contracting, the composite separates into layered asters that coexist with the background turbulent fluid. Contracted onion-like asters have a radially extending microtubule-rich cortex that envelops alternating layers of microtubules and F-actin. These self-regulating structures undergo internal reorganization, which appears to minimize the surface area and maintain the ordered layering, even when undergoing aster merging events. Finally, the layered asters are metastable structures. Their lifetime, which ranges from minutes to hours, is encoded in the material properties of the composite. These results challenge the current models of active matter. They demonstrate self-organized dynamical states and patterns evocative of those observed in the cytoskeleton do not require precise biochemical regulation, but can arise from purely mechanical interactions of actively driven filamentous materials.

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Section: Composite Mt-actin Networkmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Controlling Initial Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensile to contractile transition in active microtubule–actin composites generates layered asters with programmable lifetimes

Berezney

Goode

Fraden

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…[47,49] We have also not described attempts to obtain an approximate mapping of active systems to passive ones [10] where integral equation theories are used to derive effective forces between the active particles from the observed pair correlations; we again expect that such approaches are of limited usefulness. A very interesting subject that we could not cover here are phase transitions of active nematics [114] and active polymer networks, [115] which may play a role in biological contexts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transitions and phase coexistence: equilibrium systems versus externally driven or active systems - Some perspectives

Binder

Virnau

2021

Soft Materials

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A tutorial introduction to the statistical mechanics of phase transitions and phase coexistence is presented, starting out from equilibrium systems and nonequilibrium steady-state situations in externally driven systems, such as unmixing of sheared binary fluid mixtures, the driven lattice gas model, and the onset of Rayleigh-Bénard convection. Then, some models for phase separation in models for active systems, where particles possess internal motility, are discussed, emphasizing what one can learn by extending analysis methods to study phase transitions in equilibrium systems by computer simulations to active systems. Specific examples will include colloidpolymer mixtures where the colloids are assumed to be active particles, and active Brownian particles. The extent to which concepts familiar from the study of equilibrium systems are still useful will be critically discussed.

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“…This complex composite continuously restructures and reconfigures itself in response to the demands of the cell, to enable diverse processes from cytokinesis to mechano-sensing [3][4][5]7,8,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] . In vitro systems of reconstituted cytoskeletal proteins, which display rich and tunable dynamics, are also intensely studied as model active matter platforms to shed light on the non-equilibrium physics underlying force-generating, reconfigurable systems 7,12,19,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinesin and Myosin Motors Compete to Drive Rich Multi-Phase Dynamics in Programmable Cytoskeletal Composites

Achiriloaie

Currie

Michel

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The cytoskeleton of biological cells relies on a diverse population of motors, filaments, and binding proteins acting in concert to enable non-equilibrium processes ranging from mitosis to chemotaxis. The cytoskeleton’s versatile reconfigurability, programmed by interactions between its constituents, make it a foundational active matter platform. However, current active matter endeavors are limited largely to single force-generating components acting on a single substrate – far from the composite cytoskeleton in live cells. Here, we engineer actin-microtubule composites, driven by kinesin and myosin motors and tuned by crosslinkers, that restructure into diverse morphologies from interpenetrating filamentous networks to de-mixed amorphous clusters. Our Fourier analyses reveal that kinesin and myosin compete to delay kinesin-driven restructuring and suppress de-mixing and flow, while crosslinking accelerates reorganization and promotes actin-microtubule correlations. The phase space of non-equilibrium dynamics falls into three broad classes– slow reconfiguration, fast advective flow, and multi-mode ballistic dynamics – with structure-dynamics relations described by the relative contributions of elastic and dissipative responses to motor-generated forces.

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Shear-Induced Gelation of Self-Yielding Active Networks

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Extensile to contractile transition in active microtubule–actin composites generates layered asters with programmable lifetimes

Extensile to contractile transition in active microtubule–actin composites generates layered asters with programmable lifetimes

Phase transitions and phase coexistence: equilibrium systems versus externally driven or active systems - Some perspectives

Kinesin and Myosin Motors Compete to Drive Rich Multi-Phase Dynamics in Programmable Cytoskeletal Composites

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