Shear bond strength of zirconia to resin: The effects of specimen preparation and loading procedure

Abstract

PURPOSEShear bond strength (SBS) test is the most commonly used method for evaluating resin bond strength of zirconia, but SBS results vary among different studies even when evaluating the same bonding strategy. The purpose of this study was to promote standardization of the SBS test in evaluating zirconia ceramic bonding and to investigate factors that may affect the SBS value of a zirconia/resin cement/composite resin bonding specimen.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe zirconia/resin cement/composite resin bonding specimens were used to simulate loading with a shear force by the three-dimensional finite element (3D FE) modeling, in which stress distribution under uniform/non-uniform load, and different resin cement thickness and different elastic modulus of resin composite were analyzed. In vitro SBS test was also performed to validate the results of 3D FE analysis.RESULTSThe loading flat width was an important affecting factor. 3D FE analysis also showed that differences in resin cement layer thickness and resin composite would lead to the variations of stress accumulation area. The SBS test result showed that the load for preparing a SBS specimen is negatively correlated with the resin cement thickness and positively correlated with SBS values.CONCLUSIONWhen preparing a SBS specimen for evaluating bond performance, the load flat width, the load applied during cementation, and the different composite resins used affect the SBS results and therefore should be standardized.

Bonding ability of resin cements to different types of CAD/CAM composite blocks

“…On the other hand, it is necessary to consider several factors in two categories: (ⅰ) the relationship between the cement and the block, and (ⅱ) the relationship between the cement and the SBS test piece. That is, there are many factors that may affect the variability and repeatability of test results 27) . In this study, we used the ultradent method to measure the SBS of resin luting cement to CAD/CAM blocks because ultradent method offers simple fabrication procedures for the bonded specimens and may reduce the influence of the two resin-cement interfaces on bond strength.…”

Influence of the Titanium Base Abutment Design on Monolithic Zirconia Multiple-Unit Implant Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Laboratory Study

“…The composite resin cement, filling the larger gap between zirconia and the titanium base abutment in group D, could result in smoothening the sharp angles of the abutment surface and reduction of the stress concentration on zirconia. Chen et al 56 showed that a minimal gap (50µm) produced a higher concentration of internal stress compared to a larger gap (100µm and 180µm), hypothesizing that a thinner resin cement layer would reach the threshold of "load to failure" faster than a thicker cement layer. Other studies have shown that large cement gaps, 240µm and 500µm, also generated higher stress concentration compared to cement gaps of 96µm and 50µm, respectively 57,58 .…”

“…Therefore, a cement gap of approximately 100µm could minimize the increase of the internal stress [56][57][58] . It is noteworthy that the cement gap difference did not influence the debonding rate between groups B and D.…”

Shear force comparative evaluation for surface treated and non- treated 3D interim printed materials with different types of glass-ionomer cements

“…The printing supports were positioned on the non-cementing surfaces. The universal testing machine was used for reproducible loaded forces during the cementation process on all specimens (n=240) for 6 minutes ( 16 ). Microbrushes were used immediately after machine loading to eliminate excess cement to prevent adulteration of the specimen’s adhesive surfaces.…”