Shear bond strength and debonding characteristics of metal and ceramic brackets bonded with conventional acid-etch and self-etch primer systems: An in-vivo study

Abstract

BackgroundDifferent in-vitro studies have reported various results regarding shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets when SEP technique is compared to conventional system. This in-vivo study was designed to compare the effect of conventional acid-etching and self-etching primer adhesive (SEP) systems on SBS and debonding characteristics of metal and ceramic orthodontic brackets.Material and Methods120 intact first maxillary and mandibular premolars of 30 orthodontic patients were selected and bonded with metal and ceramic brackets using conventional acid-etch or self-etch primer system. The bonded brackets were incorporated into the wire during the study period to simulate the real orthodontic treatment condition. The teeth were extracted and debonded after 30 days. The SBS, debonding characteristics and adhesive remnant indices (ARI) were determined in all groups.ResultsThe mean SBS of metal brackets was 10.63±1.42 MPa in conventional and 9.38±1.53 MPa in SEP system, (P=0.004). No statistically significant difference was noted between conventional and SEP systems in ceramic brackets. The frequency of 1, 2 and 3 ARI scores and debonding within the adhesive were the most common among all groups. No statistically significant difference was observed regarding ARI or failure mode of debonded specimens in different brackets or bonding systems.ConclusionsThe SBS of metal brackets bonded using conventional system was significantly higher than SEP system, although the SBS of SEP system was clinically acceptable. No significant difference was found between conventional and SEP systems used with ceramic brackets. Total SBS of metal brackets was significantly higher than ceramic brackets. Due to adequate SBS of SEP system in bonding the metal brackets, it can be used as an alternative for conventional system. Key words:Shear bond strength, Orthodontic brackets, Adhesive remnant index, self-etch.

Shear Bond Strength of Brackets Bonded with Self-Etching Primers Compared to Conventional Acid-Etch Technique: A Randomized Clinical Trial

“…Our study found a statistically significant difference in ARI scores between the two groups (P<0.001) in accordance with most of the studies that detected less residual adhesive on enamel after bond failure in the SEP group [6,19,30,31]. On the contrary, in some studies, bond failure in both groups occurred as an adhesive failure at the bracket surface, and the authors did not report any significant difference in ARI scores between conventional AE and SEP groups [20,21,29]. Conventional AE system takes advantage of mechanical retention in the mesh structure for bonding [7].…”

“…Although there is no definite minimum value for acceptable SBS in clinical orthodontics, various studies have reported it to be equal to 8-9 MPa [5] and 6-8 MPa [28]. Cal-Neto et al [29] and Mirzakouchaki et al [21] conducted in-vivo studies to compare the effect of SEPs and conventional AE on SBS; they obtained the same results as ours. They kept the brackets in the oral cavity for 30 days before extraction but we doubled this time frame according to their suggestion.…”

“…After the complete description of the interventions, informed consent was signed by all participants. The sample size was calculated according to a study by Mirzakouchaki et al [21], considering the study power of 80% and a significance level of α<0.05, using the below formula: from the mesial aspect and 10 seconds from the distal aspect of the bracket). The bonded brackets were incorporated into a stainless steel or nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) wire, depending on the initial crowding, to start the orthodontic treatment.…”

Efecto del peróxido de hidrógeno al 40% sobre la fuerza de adhesión de brackets metálicos

“…En la literatura se ha investigado la infl uencia de los agentes aclaradores dentales en distintas concentraciones sobre la adhesión de los brackets (13,14,(16)(17)(18). Muchos autores han concluido que el aclaramiento dental tiene un efecto negativo sobre la adhesión de los backets causando una disminución en la fuerza de resistencia al cizallamiento (16,17,19,20).…”

Comparison of Shear Bond Strength and Adhesive Remnant Index of Brackets Bonded with Two Types of Orthodontic Adhesives

“…The study of Szuhanek et al [32] shows that the mechanical treatment creates a very fine roughness on the surface area, and increases mechanical and chemical bonding between the tooth surface and the bracket base. After Mirzakouchaki et al [33], the bonding materials should penetrate into the enamel porosities and have simple manipulation and dimensional stability, but Zanarini et al [34] consider that the material should also not damage the enamel at the end of the treatment when debonding takes place. A good bonding system is literally the most important way to ensure the good adhesion of orthodontic pieces, because loose brackets during treatment mean increasing costs for both the patient and the dentist [35].…”