‘She looks sick’: Heuristics and cognitive bias in emergency medicine

Kozlovski, Jennifer; Carlin, Emma; Ho, James H; Dubash, Roxanne

doi:10.1111/1742-6723.13627

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…When addressing biases in care, the essential initial step is to acknowledge that bias, whether implicit or not, exists 18 . Individuals of all professions resort to pattern recognition to quickly and efficiently solve problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies show that repeated exposure and practice with various clinical and/or simulated scenarios are two important approaches to enlist in the battle against gender bias in the delivery of care. Actively using systemic reasoning skills and deliberate, slow thinking may help mitigate the effect of bias and ensure equitable care as well 18-20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Gender Bias in Cardiovascular Medical Education Through Clinical Simulation

Amghaiab,

Venkatesan,

Tews

et al. 2024

Preprint

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While it has been proven that women suffer disproportionately from cardiovascular disease-related deaths, the origins of this differential gender-based outcome remain unidentified. One possible cause is gender bias and associated discrepancies in how physicians assess the need for interventions in male versus female patients. This study aimed to identify early gender biases in cardiovascular care by assessing medical students' management of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm case presentation in male and female simulated patients. Clerkship students (n = 187) were randomly assigned to either a male or female patient with identical case presentations, simulated using high-fidelity mannequins. Minutes passed until point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) usage served as a surrogate for diagnostic reasoning, while minutes passed until surgery consultation call served as a surrogate for successful intervention. Two-way ANCOVA of time to surgery call and POCUS use showed no significant interaction between student and patient gender (p=0.819). Likewise, neither patient gender (p=0.210) nor student gender (p=0.653) had an impact on ultimate correct diagnosis. However, there appeared to be an association (p=0.010) between patient and student gender in the factorial ANOVA of POCUS use, F(1,183) = 6.862 effect size 0.36. While slight in-group bias was identified within the context of imaging, students predominantly called for the correct intervention regardless of their own or their patient's gender. It is thus unlikely that medical students develop gender biases serious enough to impact clinical outcomes during clerkship- instead, these heuristics may be formed later in training.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Gender Bias in Cardiovascular Medical Education Through Clinical Simulation

Amghaiab,

Venkatesan,

Tews

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Heuristics are a form of cognitive shortcuts that are common and often subconsciously relied upon for risk perception and decision-making, creating potential biases that lead to incorrect estimates of the occurrence of events. 15 Perceptions of risk of USB may be heightened by media coverage, an individual's experience of an incident or knowing a victim of an incident. 16 Respondents reported no barriers to reporting incidents of USB in their RACS, despite previous research outlining numerous barriers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aged care nurses’ perception of unwanted sexual behaviour in Australian residential aged care services

2021

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Actual incidents of unwanted sexual behaviour (USB) (defined in Table 2) in residential aged care services (RACS) are not established with any certainty globally. 1 A recent Australian federal government commissioned report estimated tens of thousands of incidents of physical and sexual abuse occur annually in Australia's RACS. 2 Alarmingly, it also highlighted that RACS staff are not aware of the severity and impact of USB and further suggests that RACS are not utilising expert medical and psychological services.Failure to address USB in a concerted fashion is partly due to the general lack of awareness. 3 Whilst staff perceptions of resident-to-staff sexual harassment, 4 or other behaviours of concern 5,6 are gaining attention, there are few published works regarding resident USB survivors. 7,8 Ageist attitudes also contribute to incidents being ignored or minimised, contributing to a failure to recognise USB, and consequently, this decreases the likelihood of staff responding and reporting. 3,7 To address this known knowledge gap, our study aimed to determine RACS staff's perception of USB in RACS.

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“…Kozlovski et al 7 . noted that heuristics (mental shortcuts) are usually right (‘good clinical judgement’ or ‘experience’) but can occasionally be wrong (‘bad clinical judgement’).…”

Section: Debiasing: Why Hindsight Does Not Lead To Foresightmentioning

confidence: 99%