She leaves, he stays? Sex-selective migration in rural East Germany

Climigration? Population and climate change in Arctic Alaska

“…Surveys of Arctic Alaska high school students in the 1990s found that more than half expected to migrate permanently away from their home regions (Hamilton and Seyfrit 1993; Seyfrit et al 1998). Although actual out-migration rates prove to be lower, with many non-permanent moves, going away (or not) remains a major life choice that measurably affects source community demographics—for example, by skewing sex ratios as women disproportionately leave the villages (Hamilton and Seyfrit 1994b; Howe 2009; Huskey et al 2004; Martin 2009; for a European counterpart, see Leibert 2015). Individual and family migration decisions have similarly large effects in many other parts of the North (Hamilton et al 2004; Hamilton and Rasmussen 2010; Heleniak and Bogoyavlensky 2015; Himes-Cornell and Hoelting 2015; Huskey and Southcott 2010; Larsen et al 2010, 2015; Rasmussen 2011).…”

Two faces of peripherality: labour markets, poverty, and population dynamics in Hungary and Czechia

“…The only exception relates to the group of areas in Czechia with low labour market constraints, as this group has a higher ratio of females in the population. This underlines the sex-selective nature of mobility by noting the higher mobility of women in younger age groups (Leibert 2016), and especially when facing labour market constraints. In Hungary, both components of socioeconomic disadvantage reveal that while female/male ratios in the 20-to 30-year age groups might be higher in areas with better performance, this is also true of the groups of areas with the highest disadvantage regarding labour market constraints or vulnerabilities to poverty and social exclusion (see Tables 9 and 10).…”

“…Many studies have mapped the spatial patterns of peripheries in individual countries (Musil-Müller 2008, Pénzes 2013a and described not only the economic problems of peripheries (Leibert 2013), but also peripheral regions' demographic dynamics (Leibert 2016), social conditions and problems . Aside from these general challenges, numerous studies have focused on the specific problems of peripherality associated with employment and commuting (Alpek et al 2016, Hardi 2015, Pálóczi 2016, Pénzes 2013b) as well as with consumption and services (Nagy et al 2015a), or on the role of borders (Hardi 2015).…”

“…This age-selective migration has led to a significant imbalance in the social structure and accelerated population ageing. Specifically, younger, more educated people has left the eastern part of the country, with more women leaving than men (Leibert 2016). Rural areas were particularly affected by the combination of socioeconomic disadvantage and demographic shrinkage; collectively, these processes have created a downward spiral of decline.…”

Personal and Regional Determinants of Out‐migration From Metropolitan Areas in Japan

“…Johnson et al 2005), with a specific concern being the identification of criteria that motivate young people to migrate to urban areas. Studies have suggested that people (and young people in particular) migrate from rural to urban areas in order to attain a better quality of life, including opportunities for employment and education (Thissen et al 2010;Theodori & Theodori 2014;Leibert 2016;Sardadvar & Vakulenko 2016;Kawawaki 2018). Indeed, young people are often attracted to urban areas by the presence of large companies and universities therein, although marriage (Andersen 2011) and divorce (Wall & Von Reichert 2013) may also represent important personal factors.…”