SHCal13 Southern Hemisphere Calibration, 0–50,000 Years cal BP

Hogg, Alan G.; Hua, Quan; Blackwell, Paul G.; Niu, Mu; Buck, Caitlin E.; Guilderson, Thomas P.; Heaton, Timothy J; Palmer, Jonathan; Reimer, Paula J.; Reimer, Ron W; Turney, Chris S. M.; Zimmerman, Susan

doi:10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16783

Cited by 1,627 publications

(1,315 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Atmospheric a 14 C used in the model for the post-bomb era is based on the Hua et al (2013) reconstructions of regional atmospheric a 14 C at annual resolution, and values for the pre-bomb era are based on linear interpolation of the IntCal13 Northern and Southern Hemisphere curves to annual resolution Hogg et al, 2013). In addition to modeling the soil gas age at the infiltration site for HS4, the model is applied to 13 speleothem bomb peak records (shown in Table 1) from the literature that have published age models which are based on independent methods, i.e.…”

Section: Soil Carbon Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon evidence for decomposition of aged organic matter in the vadose zone as the main source of speleothem carbon

Noronha

Johnson

Southon

et al. 2015

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tSeveral recent studies have used records of the radiocarbon ( 14 C) bomb peak in speleothems to inversely model the soil a 14 CO 2 and the age distribution of soil organic material (SOM) above caves, in part to investigate the potential of speleothems as sensitive records of past SOM dynamics. The results of these modeling studies have suggested that soil CO 2 at karst sites is derived primarily from the decomposition of SOM with turnover times on the order of decades to centuries. This result is in stark contrast with observations of soil a 14 CO 2 at non-karst sites, which indicate that soil CO 2 is derived primarily from root respiration and decomposition of SOM with much shorter turnover times. This discrepancy suggests that SOM in karst settings may have a very different age distribution than sites that have been studied previously and/or that soil CO 2 is not the main source of speleothem carbon. To help resolve this discrepancy, we present an improved inverse model which we use to estimate the age of CO 2 above several caves. We also present results from a detailed case study of soil carbon dynamics at Heshang Cave, China. This work demonstrates that SOM in karst sites may be much older than SOM in non-karst soils that have been studied previously, but that CO 2 produced in the shallow soil zone is unlikely to be the main source of speleothem carbon. A review of the literature suggests that the most likely explanation for the aforementioned discrepancy is that decomposition of down-washed SOM in the vadose zone is the dominant source of speleothem carbon.

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Section: Soil Carbon Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon evidence for decomposition of aged organic matter in the vadose zone as the main source of speleothem carbon

Noronha

Johnson

Southon

et al. 2015

Quaternary Science Reviews

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“…We have therefore found the full descriptions in the Australian National University archives and calculated calibrated radiocarbon ages (Fig. 7, Appendix B) using the most recent calibration for southern hemisphere terrestrial samples, SHCal 13 (Hogg et al, 2013).…”

Section: Comparison With Radiocarbon Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dates with two-sigma uncertainty bars were calculated using OxCal v4. 2.4 (Bronk Ramsey, 1995, 2001) and the southern hemisphere terrestrial calibration curve (Hogg et al, 2013). The radiocarbon dates are younger than the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age for Toomba, indicating the 14 C samples experienced variable contamination by younger carbon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The youngest three ages were interpreted as being contaminated by younger carbon, with the oldest uncalibrated age of 13,100 ± 200 BP considered the most closely related to burial under hot lava (Stephenson et al, 1978). Nevertheless, these radiocarbon analyses are uncalibrated, and must therefore be re-assessed using modern calibration curves (Hogg et al, 2013). The discrepancy between the radiocarbon and K-Ar results for Toomba also needs to be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Holocene-Neogene volcanism in northeastern Australia: Chronology and eruption history

Cohen

Mark

Fallon

et al. 2017

Quaternary Geochronology

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Quaternary and late Neogene volcanism is widespread in northeastern Australia, producing at least 397 eruptions covering more than 20,000 km 2 , including at least 20 flows over 50 km long. Despite this abundance of young volcanism, before this study numerous eruptions had tentative ages or were undated, and the area requires a comprehensive evaluation of eruption patterns through time. To help address these issues we applied multi-collector ARGUS-V 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology to determine the age of four of the younger extensive flows: Undara (160 km long, 189 ± 4/4 ka; 2σ, with full analytical/external uncertainties), Murronga (40 km long, 153 ± 5/5 ka), Toomba (120 km long, 21 ± 3/3 ka), and Kinrara (55 km long, 7 ± 2/2 ka). Verbal traditions of the Gugu Badhun Aboriginal people contain features that may potentially describe the eruption of Kinrara. If the traditions do record this eruption, they would have been passed down for 230 ± 70 generations -a period of time exceeding the earliest written historical records. To further examine north Queensland volcanism through time we compiled a database of 337 ages, including 179 previously unpublished K-Ar and radiocarbon results. The compiled ages demonstrate that volcanic activity has occurred without major time breaks since at least 9 Ma. The greatest frequency of eruptions occurred in the last 2 Ma, with an average recurrence interval of <10-22 ka between eruptions. Activity was at at times likely more frequent than these calculations indicate, as the geochronologic dataset is incomplete, with undated eruptions, and intraplate volcanism is often episodic. The duration, frequency, and youthfulness of activity indicate that north Queensland volcanism should be considered as potentially still active, and there are now two confirmed areas of Holocene volcanism in eastern Australia -one at each end of the continent. More broadly, our data provides another example of 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology applied to Holocene and latest Pleistocene mafic eruptions, further demonstrating that this method has the ability to examine eruptions and hazards at the youngest volcanoes on Earth.

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“…Then, the NaOH insoluble fraction was treated 5 with hot HCl, filtered, rinsed and dried, to eliminate potential effects of contamination by younger humic acids. The resulting radiocarbon ages were calibrated using Calib 7.0 (Stuiver and Reimer, 1993) and the SHcal13 calibration curve (Hogg et al, 2013).…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refining late Quaternary plunge pool chronologies in Australia's monsoonal 'Top End'

May

Preusser

Gliganic

2015

Quaternary Geochronology

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Plunge pool deposits from Australia's 'Top End' are considered as important archives of past monsoonal activity in the region. The available chronology of these deposits was so far based on thermoluminescence (TL) dating and indicated maximum flood magnitudes during the Last Glacial Maximum in contrast with more arid conditions as deduced from other archives of the region. This study revisits plunge pool deposits at Wangi Falls by applying multiple and single-grain Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating of quartz and high-resolution gamma spectrometry, supported by radiocarbon dating of organic material. The aim is to reappraise the existing chronology and investigate if the deposits are affected by partial bleaching, postdepositional mixing and/or problems related to annual dose determination. The latter seems to have a minor impact on the ages at most. Equivalent Dose (De) distributions are broad, in particular for single grains, but apparently not result from partial bleaching or post-depositional mixing. Rather, microdosimetry caused by radiation hotspots in the sediment and zircon inclusions in the quartz grains is considered problematic for these sediments. The results presented here imply that the previous TL chronology overestimated the real deposition age of the sediments. Disciplines Medicine and Health Sciences | Social and Behavioral Sciences AbstractPlunge pool deposits from Australia's 'Top End' are considered as important archives of past monsoonal activity in the region. The available chronology of these deposits was so far based on thermoluminescence (TL) dating and indicated maximum flood magnitudes during the Last Glacial Maximum in contrast with more arid conditions as deduced from other archives of the region. This study revisits plunge pool deposits at Wangi Falls by applying multiple and single-grain Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating of quartz and high-resolution gamma spectrometry, supported by radiocarbon dating of organic material. The aim is to reappraise the existing chronology and investigate if the deposits are affected by partial bleaching, post-depositional mixing and/or problems related to annual dose determination. The latter seems to have a minor impact on 2 the ages at most. Equivalent Dose (D e ) distributions are broad, in particular for single grains, but apparently not result from partial bleaching or post-depositional mixing. Rather, microdosimetry caused by radiation hotspots in the sediment and zircon inclusions in the quartz grains is considered problematic for these sediments. The results presented here imply that the previous TL chronology overestimated the real deposition age of the sediments.

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SHCal13 Southern Hemisphere Calibration, 0–50,000 Years cal BP

Cited by 1,627 publications

References 31 publications

Radiocarbon evidence for decomposition of aged organic matter in the vadose zone as the main source of speleothem carbon

Radiocarbon evidence for decomposition of aged organic matter in the vadose zone as the main source of speleothem carbon

Holocene-Neogene volcanism in northeastern Australia: Chronology and eruption history

Refining late Quaternary plunge pool chronologies in Australia's monsoonal 'Top End'

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