Shaving

Bhaktaviziam, C; Mescon, Herbert; Matoltsy, Alexander G.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1963.01590240198033

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The precise origins of this irritation, whether stemming from superficial skin trauma or interactions with the hair shaft signaling to the perifollicular skin compartment, remain largely questionable 2 . Previous research proposes that shaving irritation may involve the removal of irregular skin elevations, particularly around follicular openings, by the razor blade 8 . Facial erythema emerges as a result of the dilation of blood vessels in the skin, leading to an increase in blood flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Previous research proposes that shaving irritation may involve the removal of irregular skin elevations, particularly around follicular openings, by the razor blade. 8 Facial erythema emerges as a result of the dilation of blood vessels in the skin, leading to an increase in blood flow. While transient facial erythema is a normal reaction to emotions, exercise, or exposure to heat, shaving-induced erythema is specifically triggered by inflammation, 4 vasodilation, and changes in vascular structure which result in the abnormal increase of hemoglobin in the papillary dermis.…”

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multispectral near‐infrared spectroscopy study evaluating the effect of razor design on shaving‐induced erythema

Boodoo,

Duta,

Swift

et al. 2024

Skin Research and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundWhile shaving‐induced erythema is a common inflammatory skin issue, there is a lack of quantitative information on how well a shaving product performs in this regard. In this study, multispectral near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) imaging was used to quantitatively and qualitatively measure the extent of shaving‐induced erythema. The research compares a safety razor and a cartridge razor to evaluate their impact on skin irritation.Materials and methodsFifty‐nine healthy male volunteers without pre‐existing skin conditions were enrolled. Basic demographics were recorded, and participants' faces or necks were imaged before shaving. Shaving was conducted on the right side of the face/neck with the safety razor and on the left side of the face/neck using the 3‐blade cartridge razor. Images were captured immediately after shaving, at 5 and 10 min post‐shaving.ResultsTissue oxygen saturation (StO2) measurements demonstrated that the safety razor induced significantly less erythema than the cartridge razor. Immediately after shaving, 40.3% of skin shaved with the safety razor had erythema compared to 57.6% for the cartridge razor. At 5 min post‐shaving, 36.5% of skin shaved with the safety razor had erythema, compared to 53.8% of cartridge razor.ConclusionsMultispectral NIRS revealed significant differences in shaving‐induced erythema between safety and cartridge razors. Safety razors demonstrated a lower incidence of erythema, suggesting a potential advantage for individuals prone to skin irritation. This study contributes valuable insights into skin irritation and highlights the potential of multispectral NIRS in dermatology research.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Multispectral near‐infrared spectroscopy study evaluating the effect of razor design on shaving‐induced erythema

Boodoo,

Duta,

Swift

et al. 2024

Skin Research and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Adverse effects of shaving, such as skin irritation, inflammation, and parakeratosis [2,[12][13][14] as well as epidermal thickening, impaired epidermal barrier integrity [15][16][17], and occasionally pseudofolliculitis barbae [18,19] and hyperpigmented papules [20] are thought to be mediated by factors such as the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from epidermal keratinocytes, sensory nerve fibre activation, and vasodilation [13,21]. Epilation techniques can have similar short-term adverse effects and frequently cause post-epilation pain, but how they interfere with pilosebaceous physiology remains essentially unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical epilation exerts complex biological effects on human hair follicles and perifollicular skin: An ex vivo study approach

Bertolini,

Gherardini,

Chéret

et al. 2023

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveElectrical epilation of unwanted hair is a widely used hair removal method, but it is largely unknown how this affects the biology of human hair follicles (HF) and perifollicular skin. Here, we have begun to explore how mechanical epilation changes selected key biological read‐out parameters ex vivo within and around the pilosebaceous unit.MethodsHuman full‐thickness scalp skin samples were epilated ex vivo using an electro‐mechanical device, organ‐cultured for up to 6 days in serum‐free, supplemented medium, and assessed at different time points by quantitative (immuno‐)histomorphometry for selected relevant read‐out parameters in epilated and sham‐epilated control samples.ResultsEpilation removed most of the hair shafts, often together with fragments of the outer and inner root sheath and hair matrix. This was associated with persistent focal thinning of the HF basal membrane, decreased melanin content of the residual HF epithelium, and increased HF keratinocyte apoptosis, including in the bulge, yet without affecting the number of cytokeratin 15+ HF epithelial stem cells. Sebocyte apoptosis in the peripheral zone was increased, albeit without visibly altering sebum production. Epilation transiently perturbed HF immune privilege, and increased the expression of ICAM‐1 in the bulge and bulb mesenchyme, and the number of perifollicular MHC class II+ cells as well as mast cells around the distal epithelium and promoted mast cell degranulation around the suprabulbar and bulbar area. Moreover, compared to controls, several key players of neurogenic skin inflammation, itch, and/or thermosensation (TRPV1, TRPA1, NGF, and NKR1) were differentially expressed in post‐epilation skin.ConclusionThese data generated in denervated, organ‐cultured human scalp skin demonstrate that epilation‐induced mechanical HF trauma elicits surprisingly complex biological responses. These may contribute to the delayed re‐growth of thinner and lighter hair shafts post‐epilation and temporary post‐epilation discomfort. Our findings also provide pointers regarding the development of topically applicable agents that minimize undesirable sequelae of epilation.

show abstract