Sharpea azabuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a Gram-positive, strictly anaerobic bacterium isolated from the faeces of thoroughbred horses

Shiratori, Chiharu; Murakami, Masaru; Takami, Hideto; Toh, Y.; Kato, Yukio; Nakajima, Fumihiko; Takagi, Misako; Akita, Hiroaki; Masaoka, Toshio; Hattori, Masahira

doi:10.1099/ijs.0.65543-0

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Sharpea and Solobacterium, of the order Erysipelotrichales, have only recently been described as members of a distinct class within the Firmicutes. This class, order, and family have been described as part of the gut microbiome in mammals (29) and were determined to be part of the core microbiome of the rumen epimural community in this study, although their metabolic role is unknown. The concept of a core microbiome in the human gastrointestinal tract has been researched extensively, especially in relation to an individual's risk for a number of intestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This class, order, and family have been described as part of the gut microbiome in mammals (29) and were determined to be part of the core microbiome of the rumen epimural community in this study, although their metabolic role is unknown. The concept of a core microbiome in the human gastrointestinal tract has been researched extensively, especially in relation to an individual's risk for a number of intestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (29). While the unique responses of individual cattle to perturbations such as acidosis have long been documented (30,31), the degree to which this individuality of response is due to the uniqueness of the gut microbiota has not been elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in the Rumen Epimural Bacterial Diversity of Beef Cattle as Affected by Diet and Induced Ruminal Acidosis

Petri

Schwaiger

Penner

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

176

149

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Little is known about the nature of the rumen epithelial adherent (epimural) microbiome in cattle fed different diets. Using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), and pyrosequencing of the V3 hypervariable coding region of 16S rRNA, epimural bacterial communities of 8 cattle were profiled during the transition from a forage to a high-concentrate diet, during acidosis, and after recovery. A total of 153,621 high-quality gene sequences were obtained, with populations exhibiting less taxonomic variability among individuals than across diets. The bacterial community composition exhibited clustering (P < 0.03) by diet, with only 14 genera, representing >1% of the rumen epimural population, differing (P < 0.05) among diets. During acidosis, levels of Atopobium, Desulfocurvus, Fervidicola, Lactobacillus, and Olsenella increased, while during the recovery, Desulfocurvus, Lactobacillus, and Olsenella reverted to levels similar to those with the high-grain diet and Sharpea and Succinivibrio reverted to levels similar to those with the forage diet. The relative abundances of bacterial populations changed during diet transition for all qPCR targets except Streptococcus spp. Less than 5% of total operational taxonomic units (OTUs) identified exhibited significant variability across diets. Based on DGGE, the community structures of epithelial populations differed (P < 0.10); segregation was most prominent for the mixed forage diet versus the grain, acidotic challenge, and recovery diets. Atopobium, cc142, Lactobacillus, Olsenella, RC39, Sharpea, Solobacterium, Succiniclasticum, and Syntrophococcus were particularly prevalent during acidosis. Determining the metabolic roles of these key genera in the rumens of cattle fed high-grain diets could define a clinical microbial profile associated with ruminal acidosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Rumen Epimural Bacterial Diversity of Beef Cattle as Affected by Diet and Induced Ruminal Acidosis

Petri

Schwaiger

Penner

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

176

149

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Sharpea azabuensis belongs to clostridial cluster XVII and has been detected in the feces of thoroughbred horses (25). S. azabuensis ferments a wide variety of sugars, including glucose, galactose, lactose, and fructose (25). Thus, the observed high abundance of Sharpea in the jejunal digesta of preweaned calves may facilitate the fermentation of milk sugars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sharpea belongs to the order Erysipelotrichales and the predicted family Coprobacillaceae (by QIIME [13]), and this is the first time Sharpea has been detected in the GIT of preweaned calves. Sharpea azabuensis belongs to clostridial cluster XVII and has been detected in the feces of thoroughbred horses (25). S. azabuensis ferments a wide variety of sugars, including glucose, galactose, lactose, and fructose (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic Identification of Commensal Bacteria Associated with the Mucosa and Digesta throughout the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Preweaned Calves

Malmuthuge

Griebel

Guan

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

199

220

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Bacterial colonization in the gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of preweaned calves is very important, since it can influence early development and postweaning performance and health. This study investigated the composition of the bacteria along the GIT (rumen, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon) of preweaned bull calves (3 weeks old) using pyrosequencing to understand the segregation of bacteria between the mucosal surface and digesta. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that a total of 83 genera belonging to 13 phyla were distributed throughout the GIT of preweaned calves, with the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria predominating. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of selected abundant bacterial genera (Prevotella, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium) revealed that their prevalence was significantly different among the GIT regions and between mucosa-and digesta-associated communities. Rumens contained the most diverse bacterial population, consisting of 47 genera, including 16 rumen-specific genera, followed by the large intestine and then the small intestine. Bacterial species richness was higher at the mucosal surface than in the local digesta, with the exception of the rumen. The majority of bacteria found on the rumen epithelial surface and within the small intestine could not be identified due to a lack of known genus-level information. Thus, future studies will be required to fully characterize the microbiome during the development of the rumens and the mucosal immune systems of newborn calves. This is the first study to analyze in depth the bacterial composition of the GIT microbiome in preweaned calves, which extends previous findings regarding early rumen colonization and bacterial segregation between mucosa-and digesta-associated microbial communities.T he gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of newborns contain a less diverse microbiome than those of adults, and progressive colonization over time increases this diversity (1). Based on the fecal microbiomes of infants, the pioneer gut bacteria are comprised of facultative anaerobes such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Enterobacteriaceae spp. during the first few days of life (2). These species create the reduced environment that is required for obligate anaerobic gut microbes (3). Besides the facultative anaerobes, anaerobic Bifidobacterium species are also present at high levels in the guts of 1-week-old neonates (3). An increasing number of studies are investigating microbial establishment and the factors influencing this process in newborn livestock, such as dairy calves. A recent study reported a link between the prevalence of Faecalibacterium during the first week of life and body weight gain as well as diarrhea incidences in 4-week-old calves (4). This suggests a potential role for gut bacteria in both animal health and production. Evidence is also emerging that the initial acquisition of and continuous exposure to microbes result in a host-specific gut microbiome, which plays a vital role in the maturation of the mucosa...

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“…To ensure as accurate results as possible, this strain was resequenced using present day methods incorporating direct sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene PCR product. The most recent published sequence of L. vitulinus was from a recent study (Morita et al, 2008) and was therefore used in the present study. L. catenaformis DSM 20559…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclassification of Lactobacillus catenaformis (Eggerth 1935) Moore and Holdeman 1970 and Lactobacillus vitulinus Sharpe et al. 1973 as Eggerthia catenaformis gen. nov., comb. nov. and Kandleria vitulina gen. nov., comb. nov., respectively

Salvetti

Felis

Dellaglio

et al. 2011

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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The development of molecular tools and in particular the use of 16S rRNA gene sequencing has had a profound effect on the taxonomy of many bacterial groups. Gram-positive organisms that encompass the genera Lactobacillus and Clostridium within the Firmicutes are examples of taxa that have undergone major revisions based on phylogenetic information. A consequence of these reorganizations is that a number of organisms are now recognized as being misclassified. Previous studies have demonstrated that Lactobacillus catenaformis and Lactobacillus vitulinus are phylogenetically unrelated to Lactobacillus sensu stricto, being placed within the Clostridia rRNA cluster XVII. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data presented, it is proposed that L. catenaformis and L. vitulinus be reclassified in two new genera, named respectively Eggerthia gen. nov., with the type species Eggerthia catenaformis gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain DSM 20559T = ATCC 25536T = CCUG 48174T = CIP 104817T = JCM 1121T) and Kandleria gen. nov., with the type species Kandleria vitulina gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain LMG 18931T = ATCC 27783T = CCUG 32236T = DSM 20405T = JCM 1143T).

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Sharpea azabuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a Gram-positive, strictly anaerobic bacterium isolated from the faeces of thoroughbred horses

Cited by 38 publications

References 27 publications

Changes in the Rumen Epimural Bacterial Diversity of Beef Cattle as Affected by Diet and Induced Ruminal Acidosis

Changes in the Rumen Epimural Bacterial Diversity of Beef Cattle as Affected by Diet and Induced Ruminal Acidosis

Taxonomic Identification of Commensal Bacteria Associated with the Mucosa and Digesta throughout the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Preweaned Calves

Reclassification of Lactobacillus catenaformis (Eggerth 1935) Moore and Holdeman 1970 and Lactobacillus vitulinus Sharpe et al. 1973 as Eggerthia catenaformis gen. nov., comb. nov. and Kandleria vitulina gen. nov., comb. nov., respectively

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