‘Sharpe’, a Clonal Plum Rootstock for Peach

Beckman, T.G.; Chaparro, José X.; Sherman, W. B.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2236

Cited by 26 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…Nonetheless, we can make some general comparisons among different field trials, which share in common some of the same Prunus rootstocks. Field trials in the southeastern United States have identified new rootstocks for peach, plum hybrids 'MP-29' (Prunus umbellata · peach) and 'Sharpe' (Prunus angustifolia · unknown plum species), with resistance to A. tabescens (Beckman, 2008;Beckman et al, 2012). In general, their results for these two new rootstocks are in agreement with an earlier field trial in A. tabescens-infected soil in that Prunus with various plum parents (e.g., 'Blue Goose' and 'Edible Sloe') were more resistant than those with a peach background (e.g., Nemaguard) (Beckman et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Almond Rootstocks for Sources of Resistance to Armillaria Root Disease

Baumgartner¹,

Fujiyoshi²,

Ledbetter³

et al. 2018

horts

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Prunus dulcis (almond) is one of the most susceptible horticultural crops to Armillaria root disease. Resistance to Armillaria mellea and Armillaria tabescens, the geographically isolated causal fungi that attack almond and closely related Prunus persica (peach), has been evaluated in studies of almond, peach, and other Prunus rootstocks, but not in one comprehensive study. We evaluated the relative resistance to A. mellea and A. tabescens of six clonally propagated almond and peach rootstocks (Bright’s 5, Empyrean 1, Hansen 536, Krymsk 1, Krymsk 86, and Lovell) in comparison with that of clonally propagated Marianna 2624 rootstock (resistant control) and clonally propagated Nemaguard rootstock (susceptible control). Replicate clones used in the growth chamber assay were micropropagated and rooted in vitro before inoculating the culture medium with Armillaria spp. At 2 months, the most resistant and susceptible rootstocks were Krymsk 86 and Hansen 536, respectively, with 27% vs. 89% mortality. This finding was consistent among two isolates of A. mellea and one isolate of A. tabescens in three replicate experiments. Our finding of low mortality among Krymsk 86, Krymsk 1, and Marianna 2624, which all share Prunus cerasifera (Myrobalan plum) parentage, is consistent with past reports of resistance in the field to A. mellea, but conflicts with reports of susceptibility to A. tabescens. Resistance to A. tabescens of genotypes with Myrobalan plum parentage in our assay may reflect the simplified rooting environment of tissue culture medium, which does not perfectly mimic a field trial, in which biotic and abiotic factors may affect host resistance. Nonetheless, our growth chamber assay may provide a more rapid alternative to identify sources of resistance for breeding and to screen progeny of such crosses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Almond Rootstocks for Sources of Resistance to Armillaria Root Disease

Baumgartner¹,

Fujiyoshi²,

Ledbetter³

et al. 2018

horts

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“…Its pedigree goes back to ÔS-37Õ (selected from an unknown ßowering peach) and ÔNemaguardÕ rootstock (Okie et al 1994), which is from an open-pollinated selection out of a seedlot imported as P. davidiana (Okie 1998). Sharpe rootstock is a putative natural plum hybrid, presumably P. angustifolia ϫ an unknown plum species, discovered in the Gainesville, FL area in the 1950s (Beckman et al 2008). MP-29 is a recently released rootstock developed by the USDA, ARS, SEFTNRL rootstock breeding program at Byron, GA and originated from a controlled cross of ÔEdible SloeÕ plum ϫ ÔSL0014Õ peach.…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lesser Peachtree Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) Oviposition on Prunus Germplasm

2011

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The lesser peachtree borer, Synanthedon pictipes (Grote and Robinson) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), is a serious pest of peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, across the southeastern United States. We examined oviposition by S. pictipes on field-grown Prunus scion and rootstock cultivars and two endemic Prunus spp. when sawn limbs, not roots, were assayed in the laboratory. A choice test compared oviposition on the peach scion 'Harvester', peach rootstock 'Guardian', plum×peach hybrid rootstock 'MP-29', and the plum hybrid rootstock 'Sharpe'. A significantly lower percentage of eggs occurred on limbs of Sharpe rootstock than other choices. A choice test using two endemic hosts, black cherry (P. serotina Ehrh.) and Chickasaw plum (P. angustifolia Marsh.), along with Sharpe rootstock, found a lower percentage of eggs on limbs of Sharpe than either endemic host. However, when only limbs of Sharpe and a decoy were used, almost all eggs were laid on Sharpe. Interestingly, when Harvester and Sharpe limbs were paired side by side, a higher percentage of eggs were recovered from the Harvester limb than from the Sharpe limb. An analysis of volatiles from Sharpe may identify why fewer eggs were laid on it. Because S. pictipes attacks host trees above ground and Sharpe rootstock on grafted trees grows below ground, this rootstock might be a management option against the congeneric, root-attacking peachtree borer, S. exitiosa (Say). Our results suggest that high budding a peach scion onto Sharpe rootstock, thus allowing the rootstock to serve as the trunk, warrants further investigation against S. exitiosa under orchard conditions.

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“…This fact is reinforced by the low infestation observed in the Sharpe genotype, which is supposed to be a natural hybrid between the 0 Chickasaw 0 plum [Prunus angustifolia (Marsh.)] and an unknown species of plum (Beckman et al 2008). In an oviposition preference bioassay, it was observed that Sharpe presented the smallest number of eggs per branch, both in choice bioassays and by demonstrating a lower preference for oviposition in these structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Because Sharpe is considered promising for the management of PTSL, increasing orchard viability (Beckman et al 2008, Mayer et al 2013, the use of this cultivar in peach seedling multiplication centers will assist in choosing the best management strategy for the oriental fruit moth in those multiplication centers. This will lead to less use of chemical insecticides and, consequently, less environmental contamination in these specific areas (Castro, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As of 2007, Embrapa Temperate Climate (Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul-RS, Brazil) resumed research with rootstocks of the genus Prunus spp. including different peach, nectarine, and plum tree species grown in the field, focusing mainly on tolerance to PTSL, which leads to sprouting collapse (Beckman et al 2008;Mayer et al 2009Mayer et al , 2013. However, during these studies, a lack of uniformity with respect to the level of infestation and sprouts damaged by oriental fruit moth larvae, Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), during feeding was observed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Susceptibility, Oviposition Preference, and Biology of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Prunus Spp. Rootstock Genotypes

Bernardi¹,

Lazzari²,

Andreazza³

et al. 2017

Environmental Entomology

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Studying the susceptibility of peach trees to Grapholita molesta (Busck) is one of the major steps in the development of pest-resistant peach varieties. This work evaluated the susceptibility of 55 genotypes of the "Prunus Rootstock Collection" ("Coleção Porta-enxerto de Prunus") of Embrapa Temperate Climate (Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) to the natural infestation of G. molesta, assessed the oviposition preference of G. molesta in choice and no-choice bioassays, and estimated the biological parameters and the fertility life table on different Prunus spp. genotypes in the laboratory. Genotypes Prunus kansuensis (Rehder), I-67-52-9, and I-67-52-4 were the most susceptible to G. molesta infestation in the field (>60% of branches infested), while 'Sharpe' (Prunus angustifolia x Prunus spp.) and Prunus sellowii (Koehne) were the least infested (0% of branches infested). In choice and no-choice bioassays, G. molesta preferred to oviposit on P. kansuensis when compared with Sharpe. The Sharpe genotype also showed an antibiosis effect, resulting in negative effects on the fertility life table parameters when compared with the genotypes P. kansuensis and 'Capdeboscq.' The results found in the present study can provide information to initiate a long-term breeding program moving desired G. molesta resistance traits from the rootstock into the Prunus spp. cultivars.

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‘Sharpe’, a Clonal Plum Rootstock for Peach

Cited by 26 publications

References 1 publication

Screening Almond Rootstocks for Sources of Resistance to Armillaria Root Disease

Screening Almond Rootstocks for Sources of Resistance to Armillaria Root Disease

Lesser Peachtree Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) Oviposition on Prunus Germplasm

Susceptibility, Oviposition Preference, and Biology of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Prunus Spp. Rootstock Genotypes

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