Sharing the burden: Shifts in family time use, agency and gender dynamics after introduction of new cookstoves in rural Kenya

Jagoe, Kirstie; Rossanese, Madeleine; Charron, Dana; Rouse, Jonathan; Waweru, Francis Mwangi; Waruguru, MaryAnne; Delapeña, Samantha; Piedrahita, Ricardo; Livingston, Kavanaugh; Ipe, Julie

doi:10.1016/j.erss.2019.101413

Cited by 40 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…burners allowing the preparation of multiple items simultaneously (Jagoe et al 2020). Modern cookstoves also take less time to start after ignition and have higher heating values than traditional cookstoves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study revealed that LPG adoption improves women's well-being by improving their social status and health, freeing up time from cooking and offering them more fuel choices. The literature on modern cookstove adoption documents the significant time benefit for women in terms of time-saving from firewood collection (Guzmán et al 2020;Jagoe et al 2020). Other studies have identified factors involved in the adoption of clean cooking fuel; for example, affordability (Bansal et al 2013;Pundo and Fraser 2006;Gould and Urpelainen 2018) and household expenditure, size, and education (Rao and Reddy 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of clean cooking fuel adoption on women’s welfare in India: the mediating role of women’s autonomy

Akter

Pratap

2022

Sustain Sci

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While the health and environmental benefits of adopting clean cooking fuel are widely documented in the literature, the immediate and direct benefit—women’s time-saving for fuel collection/preparation and cooking—has received little or no attention. Using panel data from 6 energy-poor Indian states involving about 9000 households, we test whether liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) adoption enhances women’s welfare by reducing fuel collection/preparation and cooking time and improving the overall cooking experience through a convenient and efficient cooking arrangement. We also explore the association between women’s participation in decision-making and the likelihood of LPG adoption and refill. The findings reveal that LPG adopters save time by collecting firewood less frequently and preparing fewer pieces of dung cake than non-adopters. Additionally, LPG adopters save 15 min of cooking time per day than non-adopters. Finally, LPG adoption makes the cooking experience more convenient and simpler than traditional cooking fuel. Women’s sole or joint decision-making power is positively correlated with LPG adoption and refilling LPG cylinders. These findings imply that the true social benefit of clean cooking fuel adoption is much greater than the welfare gain accrued through greenhouse gas mitigation and health benefits from cleaner air. However, these positive externalities are less likely to be internalized in fuel choice decisions in households where women do not participate in important household decision-making.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of clean cooking fuel adoption on women’s welfare in India: the mediating role of women’s autonomy

Akter

Pratap

2022

Sustain Sci

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“…Additionally, children responsible for collecting water or fuel in the morning may be tardy, too tired to perform well at school, or lack time needed to do schoolwork [ 24 , 27 ]. In terms of economic opportunity, Jagoe et al found that women reported more time to be economically productive when they were provided with modern cooking technologies, resulting in financial stability and independence [ 59 ]. Further, in the work of Aiga et al, households with improved water sources were able to generate higher incomes by using time saved for income-generating tasks [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Jagoe at al. (2020) [ 59 ] • • ND • • • Following a cookstove intervention, participants reported spending less time on solid fuel collection and more time on other tasks. Kelly et al (2018) [ 71 ] ⦿ ⦿ ⦿ ND ND ⦿ No significant reductions in school absenteeism from new cook stoves; Qualitatively, there was a reduced burden for collection and preparation of solid fuel.…”

Section: Table A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse Health, Gender and Economic Impacts from Domestic Transport of Water and Solid Fuel: A Systematic Review

Strohmeier-Breuning

Rossanese

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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(1) Background: Water and solid fuel collection and transport are domestic duties for millions of households across the globe. People in areas with limited or no access to safely managed sources of water and household energy must fetch these resources on a frequent basis. The health, gender, and economic impacts associated with water and solid fuel collection labor have not been systematically reviewed. (2) Methods: Studies were identified through database searches and included using a list of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies were summarized and grouped into one of eight thematic categories. (4) Conclusions: The findings suggest that a diverse and heavy health burden is associated with water and solid fuel collection and transport. The literature also suggests that the provision of safely managed and accessible water and improved fuel options can mitigate these negative outcomes. Filling research gaps and utilizing results to guide policy and funding would likely be an effective way to ensure low- and middle-income countries are not left behind as the world strives to meet the sustainable development goals.

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“…Women are traditionally tasked with cooking in many LMICs (Johnson et al, 2019; Kumar and Mehta, 2016; Nguyen and Su, 2021) and may spend several hours per week collecting biomass fuels (Jagoe et al, 2020; Mazorra et al, 2020). This ‘time poverty’ is viewed as a key barrier to gender equality (Sustainable Development Goal 5) as it displaces time that women could otherwise use for employment or other productive activities (Petrokofsky et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered time, financial & nutritional benefits from access to pay-as-you-go LPG for cooking in an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya

Shupler

Karl

O’Keefe³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Introduction: Few studies have examined gendered benefits of transitioning from polluting cooking fuels (e.g. charcoal, kerosene) to cleaner fuels (e.g. liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)). This study investigates pathways between adoption of pay-as-you-go (PAYG) LPG and female empowerment in Nairobi, Kenya. Methods: Female (N=304) and male (N=44) primary cooks in an informal settlement in Nairobi were surveyed from December 2021-January 2022. The majority (84%; N=293) were customers of PayGo Energy, a company offering PAYG LPG. Other individuals (16%; N=55) cooking with full cylinder LPG or polluting fuels were randomly sampled from the community. The 45-minute telephonic survey examined how access to PAYG LPG affected the livelihoods of PayGo Energy's customers. Results: PayGo Energy customers were 50% more likely to cook exclusively with LPG (60%) than those using full cylinder LPG (40%). Due to reduced cooking times (average reduction: 42 min/day among previous polluting fuel users) from the adoption of PAYG LPG, the majority (58%; N=70) of female household heads took on additional employment compared with 36% (N=55) of females living in male-headed households. A greater proportion of married female household heads used their monetary savings from cooking with PAYG LPG for investment (41%) or savings (35%), compared with married women that were not household heads (3% and 21%, respectively). Increased dietary diversity and consumption of protein-rich foods (legumes, meat, fish) from cooking with PAYG LPG was reported by 15% of female household heads. Conclusion: Female household heads were more likely than non-household heads to experience economic and nutritional gains when adopting PAYG LPG, illustrating how the agency of women influences their social co-benefits when undergoing clean energy transitions.

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Sharing the burden: Shifts in family time use, agency and gender dynamics after introduction of new cookstoves in rural Kenya

Cited by 40 publications

References 26 publications

Impact of clean cooking fuel adoption on women’s welfare in India: the mediating role of women’s autonomy

Impact of clean cooking fuel adoption on women’s welfare in India: the mediating role of women’s autonomy

Diverse Health, Gender and Economic Impacts from Domestic Transport of Water and Solid Fuel: A Systematic Review

Gendered time, financial & nutritional benefits from access to pay-as-you-go LPG for cooking in an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya

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