“Shared risk”: Reframing risk analysis in the ethics of novel male contraceptives,

Campelia, Georgina D.; Abbe, Carmen; Nickels, Logan M.; McElmeel, Evy F.; Amory, John K.

doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2020.05.014

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Hormonal male contraception has been shown to be effective in clinical trials, but a novel male contraceptive will mitigate a myriad of biopsychosocial risks by male users and their partners [ 204 ]. There must be further testing in long-term studies to determine whether these male hormones contraceptives are safe and effective in inhibiting sperm production.…”

Section: Hormone Disorders and Male Hormonal Contraceptivementioning

confidence: 99%

Hormone Regulation in Testicular Development and Function

Li,

Lin,

Wang

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The testes serve as the primary source of androgens and the site of spermatogenesis, with their development and function governed by hormonal actions via endocrine and paracrine pathways. Male fertility hinges on the availability of testosterone, a cornerstone of spermatogenesis, while follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) signaling is indispensable for the proliferation, differentiation, and proper functioning of Sertoli and germ cells. This review covers the research on how androgens, FSH, and other hormones support processes crucial for male fertility in the testis and reproductive tract. These hormones are regulated by the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonad (HPG) axis, which is either quiescent or activated at different stages of the life course, and the regulation of the axis is crucial for the development and normal function of the male reproductive system. Hormonal imbalances, whether due to genetic predispositions or environmental influences, leading to hypogonadism or hypergonadism, can precipitate reproductive disorders. Investigating the regulatory network and molecular mechanisms involved in testicular development and spermatogenesis is instrumental in developing new therapeutic methods, drugs, and male hormonal contraceptives.

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Section: Hormone Disorders and Male Hormonal Contraceptivementioning

confidence: 99%

Hormone Regulation in Testicular Development and Function

Li,

Lin,

Wang

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…This ultimately leads one to analyze a benefit and risk ratio. Campelia et al (2020) recently discussed a novel shared risk analysis framework to address this ethical. 62 They argue a need for an equitable distribution of risks and benefits in contraception in the context of interdependent relationships.…”

Section: A Medical Ethics Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

The landscape of male contraception

Sidhom,

Bal,

Ramjiawan

et al. 2024

CUAJ

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Reproductive medicine has made significant advancement over the last 70 years, much of it in the way of female contraception. Reliable male contraception continues to be restricted to condoms and vasectomy. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the contemporary usage of male contraceptive methods, including ethical and political standpoints, as well as, to summarize the current and future studies being done on male hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive options.

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“…While men do not experience medical risks of pregnancy, exploring the mental and economic costs and benefits men and their partners incur with unwanted pregnancy will be important to quantify as we assess the potential impact of any novel male contraceptive. Indeed, the concept of "shared risk" is not novel in healthcare, and the importance of applying this principle to male contraceptives that provide substantial benefits to women and men must not be overlooked (58).…”

Section: Risks and Benefits Of Hormonal Male Contraceptivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal Male Contraception: Getting to Market

Page

Blithe²,

Wang³

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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Rates of unplanned pregnancies are high and stagnant globally, burdening women, families and the environment. Local limitations placed upon contraceptive access and abortion services exacerbate global disparities for women. Despite survey data suggesting men and their partners are eager for expanded male contraceptive options, efforts to develop such agents have been stymied by a paucity of monetary investment. Modern male hormonal contraception, like female hormonal methods, relies upon exogenous progestins to suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, in turn suppressing testicular testosterone production and sperm maturation. Addition of an androgen augments gonadotropin suppression, more effectively suppressing spermatogenesis in men, and provides androgenic support for male physiology. Previous contraceptive efficacy studies in couples have shown that hormonal male methods are effective and reversible. Recent efforts have been directed at addressing potential user and regulatory concerns by utilizing novel steroids and varied routes of hormone delivery. Provision of effective contraceptive options for men and women is an urgent public health need. Recognizing and addressing the gaps in our contraceptive options and engaging men in family planning will help reduce rates of unplanned pregnancies in the coming decades.

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“Shared risk”: Reframing risk analysis in the ethics of novel male contraceptives,

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Hormone Regulation in Testicular Development and Function

Hormone Regulation in Testicular Development and Function

The landscape of male contraception

Hormonal Male Contraception: Getting to Market

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