Shared memories reveal shared structure in neural activity across individuals

Chen, Janice; Leong, Yuan Chang; Honey, Christopher J.; Yong, Chung H.; Norman, Kenneth A.; Hasson, Uri

doi:10.1038/nn.4450

Cited by 519 publications

(793 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The second analysis directly contrasted similarity between first halves and HC videos and first halves and NC videos. Surprisingly, and in contrast to previous findings using similar designs (Bird et al 2015;St-Laurent et al 2015;Chen et al 2016), we observed few significant effects in these analyses. Further details of the methods and results for these analyses can be found in the Supplementary Material.…”

Section: Rsa Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Multiscale Integration of Contextual Information During a Naturalistic Task

et al. 2017

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Everyday experience requires rapid and automatic integration of incoming stimuli with previously stored knowledge. Prior knowledge can help construct a general "situation model" of the event, as well as aid comprehension of an ongoing narrative. Using fMRI in healthy adult humans we investigated processing of videos whose locations and characters were always familiar but whose narratives were either a continuation or non-continuation of an earlier video (high context (HC) or low context (LC) respectively). Responses in parahippocampal gyrus and retrosplenial cortex were composed of an initial transient, locked to the video onsets, followed by a period of lower amplitude activation that was greater in the LC condition. This may reflect rapid processing of core components of situation models such as location and characters and more gradual incorporation of their narrative themes. By contrast, activity increases in left hemisphere middle temporal gyrus (MTG), angular gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus were maintained throughout the videos and were higher for HC versus LC videos. Further, activity in the left MTG peaked earlier in the HC condition. We suggest that these regions support representations of the specific inter-linked concepts necessary to comprehend an ongoing narrative, which are already established for the HC videos.

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Section: Rsa Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Further, a typical analysis strategy that we and others have used (Bird et al 2015;Chen et al 2016;Schlochtermeier et al 2016) involves modeling the entire ~50 s response to the video as an average response or with a single regressor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiscale Integration of Contextual Information During a Naturalistic Task

et al. 2017

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“…These results add to a growing body of literature characterizing the influence of event segmentation on long-term memory (Baldassano et al, 2017;Boltz, 1992;Chen et al, 2016;Davachi & DuBrow, 2015;Dubrow & Davachi, 2013;DuBrow & Davachi, 2016;Ezzyat & Davachi, 2011Heusser, Poeppel, Ezzyat, & Davachi, 2016;Newtson & Engquist, 1976;Schwan & Garsoffky, 2004;Zacks, Speer, Vettel, & Jacoby, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Perceptual Boundaries Cause Mnemonic Trade-Offs Between Local Boundary Processing and Across-Trial Associative Binding

Heusser¹,

Ezzyat²,

Shiff³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Episodic memories are not veridical records of our lives, but rather are better described as organized summaries of experience. Theories and empirical research suggest that shifts in perceptual, temporal and semantic information lead to a chunking of our continuous experiences into segments, or 'events'. However, the consequences of these contextual shifts on memory formation and organization remains unclear. In a series of three behavioral studies, we introduced context shifts (or 'event boundaries') between trains of stimuli and then examined the influence of the boundaries on several measures of associative memory. In Experiment 1, we found that perceptual event boundaries strengthened associative binding of item-context pairings present at event boundaries.In Experiment 2, we observed reduced temporal order memory for items encoded in distinct events relative to items encoded within the same event, and a trade-off between the speed of processing at boundaries, and temporal order memory for items that flanked those boundaries. Finally, in Experiment 3 we found that event organization imprinted structure on the order in which items were freely recalled. These results provide insight into how boundary-and event-related organizational processes during encoding shape subsequent representations of events in episodic memory.

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“…This proposal is consistent with data showing that these regions are capable of integrating information across long time scales on the order of minutes [33] – an important prerequisite for constructing models of events that unfold at this time scale. This same network has been found to represent information about specific movie scenes during both movie viewing and memory recall, even across individuals [34]. A key property of brain regions involved in representing situation models is that neural patterns should be relatively stable within a temporally-extended event and change abruptly at event boundaries.…”

Section: Challenging Data: Can Context Shift Abruptly?mentioning

confidence: 93%

Does mental context drift or shift?

DuBrow

Rouhani

Niv

et al. 2017

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

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Theories of episodic memory have generally proposed that individual memory traces are linked together by a representation of context that drifts slowly over time. Recent data challenge the notion that contextual drift is always slow and passive. In particular, changes in one’s external environment or internal model induce discontinuities in memory that are reflected in sudden changes in neural activity, suggesting that context can shift abruptly. Furthermore, context change effects are sensitive to top-down goals, suggesting that contextual drift may be an active process. These findings call for revising models of the role of context in memory, in order to account for abrupt contextual shifts and the controllable nature of context change.

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Shared memories reveal shared structure in neural activity across individuals

Cited by 519 publications

References 68 publications

Multiscale Integration of Contextual Information During a Naturalistic Task

Multiscale Integration of Contextual Information During a Naturalistic Task

Perceptual Boundaries Cause Mnemonic Trade-Offs Between Local Boundary Processing and Across-Trial Associative Binding

Does mental context drift or shift?

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