Abstract:Purpose
The aim of the study was to examine Demodex survival in makeup cosmetics, i.e., powder cream, mascara, and lipstick, and to determine whether cosmetics shared with others can be a source of D. folliculorum infection.
Methods
Live D. folliculorum adults were placed in cosmetic samples and their motility was observed under a microscope. The mites were fully or partially immersed in the powder cream and lipstick, and only partially immersed in the mas… Show more
“…With the rapid development of China's cosmetics industry, it has become the second-largest cosmetics consumer market in the world 10 . Given the target products, we selected 10 types of commonly used makeup products, including base makeup products with large areas and large amounts of use, eye makeup products that may cause eye irritation such as eyelid infection, corneal infection, dry eye syndrome, lip makeup products that may be caused by oral exposure, and cleaning and removing makeup products 4,9,[22][23][24] .…”
Limited data exist on cosmetic exposure in China, especially for make-up cosmetic products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the daily exposure of 346 female make-up users in Shanghai to 10 make-up cosmetic products over a two-week period using an online daily questionnaire. The levels of exposure to non-powder base makeup, eye shadow and eyeliner, mascara, lip stick, and makeup remover were lower than the values currently used by the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS). The amount of applied per application of some categories was close to that of Japan and South Korea, but the amount of applied per day was lower. Therefore, it is urgent to establish exposure parameters for the local population in China. The exposure values obtained in this study for the Shanghai population will be useful for safety assessors and for safety agencies in order to protect both the general population and at-risk populations.
“…With the rapid development of China's cosmetics industry, it has become the second-largest cosmetics consumer market in the world 10 . Given the target products, we selected 10 types of commonly used makeup products, including base makeup products with large areas and large amounts of use, eye makeup products that may cause eye irritation such as eyelid infection, corneal infection, dry eye syndrome, lip makeup products that may be caused by oral exposure, and cleaning and removing makeup products 4,9,[22][23][24] .…”
Limited data exist on cosmetic exposure in China, especially for make-up cosmetic products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the daily exposure of 346 female make-up users in Shanghai to 10 make-up cosmetic products over a two-week period using an online daily questionnaire. The levels of exposure to non-powder base makeup, eye shadow and eyeliner, mascara, lip stick, and makeup remover were lower than the values currently used by the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS). The amount of applied per application of some categories was close to that of Japan and South Korea, but the amount of applied per day was lower. Therefore, it is urgent to establish exposure parameters for the local population in China. The exposure values obtained in this study for the Shanghai population will be useful for safety assessors and for safety agencies in order to protect both the general population and at-risk populations.
“…Interestingly, Demodex survival in makeup cosmetics (powder cream, mascara, and lipstick) has been demonstrated; therefore, products used by different individuals at short intervals, from several hours to several days, can be a source of D. folliculorum infection [28].…”
Demodex mites are acari, common ectoparasites of humans and other mammalian pilosebaceous units. Demodicosis occurs when mites overpopulate the skin, causing several skin disorders. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of demodicosis in patients with suspicious clinical features, such as cheek redness, itching, and skin sensitivity, who presented at the outpatient clinic of the Andreas Syggros Dermatology Hospital in Greece. We studied 184 individuals aged between 18 and 97 years and analyzed the content of pilosebaceous units by microscopy to determine the density of Demodex mites. Samples were evaluated as positive when Demodex spp. densities equaled or exceeded 5 mites per square cm. Sixty-six percent of the examined subjects were positive for demodicosis. The age distribution was statistically normal (p = 0.2), and the median age was 51.29 years. Seventy percent of the patients were females, and 30% were males, while 64.46% of the demodicosis-positive individuals were females, and 35.54% were males. We observed a rise in the percentage of males as the age of the patients increased. Demodicosis can be a challenging disease because it presents apart from the typical symptoms, with a variety of nonspecific symptoms mimicking other dermatological skin conditions. Therefore, it is important to investigate Demodex spp. in patients who present with common facial dermatological diseases to improve treatment results. Further studies could contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenic role of Demodex mites and how this role is affected by mite density, host sex and age.
“…Demodex spp., as well as other mites, can also spread through used clothes (e.g., second-hand clothes stores, sharing clothes) [ 48 ]. In studies by Sedzikowska et al, 2021 [ 59 ], it has been also shown that sharing facial cosmetics (e.g., mascara and lipsticks) can be a source of transmission of Demodex sp. among users [ 59 ].…”
Section: Incidence Of Demodicosis In Different Patient Groupsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In studies by Sedzikowska et al, 2021 [ 59 ], it has been also shown that sharing facial cosmetics (e.g., mascara and lipsticks) can be a source of transmission of Demodex sp. among users [ 59 ]. Studies by Vargas-Arzola et al, 2020 [ 60 ] in a university population of over 8000 subjects showed a negative correlation with age.…”
Section: Incidence Of Demodicosis In Different Patient Groupsmentioning
Infestation with Demodex mites is a common occurrence, especially in adults and the elderly. More recent attention has been paid to the presence of Demodex spp. mites in children, even ones without comorbidities. It causes both dermatological and ophthalmological problems. The presence of Demodex spp. is often asymptomatic, thus it is suggested to include parasitological investigation tests in dermatological diagnostics, in addition to bacteriological analysis. Literature reports show that Demodex spp. are related to the pathogenesis of numerous dermatoses, including rosacea or demodicosis gravis, and common eye pathologies reported by patients such as dry eye syndrome or ocular surface inflammatory conditions, such as blepharitis, chalazia, Meibomian gland dysfunction, and keratitis. Treatment of patients is a challenge and is usually prolonged, therefore it is important to carefully diagnose and properly select the therapy regimen for the treatment to be successful, and with minimal side effects, especially for young patients. Apart from the use of essential oils, research is ongoing for new alternative preparations active against Demodex sp. Our review was focused on the analysis of the current literature data on the available agents in the treatment of demodicosis in adults and children.
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