Shared genetic influences on adolescent body mass index and brain structure: A voxel-based morphometry study in twins

Kennedy, James T.; Astafiev, Serguei V.; Golosheykin, Semyon; Korucuoglu, Ozlem; Anokhin, Andrey P.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.053

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…These regions are involved in the decision, motivation, and reward processes, which suggests a relationship between the anatomical structures described, atypical behaviors, and polyphagia. 31 The corpus callosum can be anatomically subdivided into the rostrum, the genu, the anterior body, the anterior middle body, the posterior middle body, the isthmus, and the splenium. 32 Among the major psychiatric diseases associated with morphological changes in the corpus callosum are those originating from injuries to the splenium or to the posterior middle body.…”

Section: Brain Injury and Etiology Of Behavioral Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Treatment for Refractory Aggression after Bacterial Meningitis Complicated by Stroke: Case Report

Vaccario

Rocha

Silva

2022

Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery

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Bacterial meningitis remains a public health problem. One of the complications of this group of diseases is cerebral ischemia, an important indicator of severity and an independent predictor of poor prognosis. It is already known that, in many cases, pathological aggressiveness is the result of brain abnormalities in individuals with mental illnesses. The indication of neurosurgeries for psychiatric disorders (NPDs) relies on numerous studies based on scientific evidence that correlate psychiatric illnesses with the limbic system and the pathophysiology of emotions. The development of sophisticated stereotactic target localization techniques, brain atlases, and imaging methods made stereotaxis possible, a procedure that increased the precision of neurosurgery and reduced brain damage. Nowadays, multiple targets can be treated during NPD, according to the particular characteristics of the patient. Moreover, the combination of lesions leads to more significant improvements compared with isolated procedures. The present study aimed to report the rare case of a patient with a history of bacterial meningitis who developed stroke and chronic pathological aggressiveness refractory to clinical treatment and underwent ablation using the multitarget stereotactic technique.

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Section: Brain Injury and Etiology Of Behavioral Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Treatment for Refractory Aggression after Bacterial Meningitis Complicated by Stroke: Case Report

Vaccario

Rocha

Silva

2022

Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery

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“…The gut satiety hormones produced by the gastrointestinal tract send satiety signals to the brain via the gut-brain axis ( Kuhne and Stengel, 2019 ), and abnormal brain response to satiety signals or high-fat feeding may play an important role in obesity pathogenesis ( Smith et al, 2018 , Covasa et al, 2000 ). Moreover, neuroimaging studies have shown that obesity is accompanied by focal structural alternations in many brain regions ( Pannacciulli et al, 2006 , Dekkers et al, 2019 , Taki et al, 2008 , Kennedy et al, 2019 , Raji, 2010 , Hamer and Batty, 2019 ), including the thalamus ( Dekkers et al, 2019 , Taki et al, 2008 , Kennedy et al, 2019 , Raji, 2010 ), caudate ( Dekkers et al, 2019 , Taki et al, 2008 , Hamer and Batty, 2019 ), putamen ( Pannacciulli et al, 2006 , Dekkers et al, 2019 , Hamer and Batty, 2019 ), pallidum ( Dekkers et al, 2019 , Hamer and Batty, 2019 ), hippocampus ( Dekkers et al, 2019 , Raji, 2010 , Horstmann et al, 2013 ), nucleus accumbens ( Dekkers et al, 2019 , Hamer and Batty, 2019 ), medial prefrontal cortex ( Kennedy et al, 2019 ), temporal lobe ( Taki et al, 2008 , Gustafson et al, 2004 ), cerebral spinal fluid ( Dekkers et al, 2019 ) and brainstem ( Dekkers et al, 2019 , Kennedy et al, 2019 ). These altered brain regions are involved in functions including decision-making ( Hare et al, 2009 ), emotion processing ( Locke et al, 2015 ), reward processing ( Pannacciulli et al, 2006 , Kennedy et al, 2019 ), and appetite regulation ( Pannacciulli et al, 2006 , Kennedy et al, 2019 , Papageorgiou et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a variety of obesity-related genetic variations have been associated with the brain physiology and neurobehavior of obese individuals, genetic factors may contribute to brain structural alterations in obese people. Several articles have reported the high expression of obesity-related genes in the brain ( Kennedy et al, 2019 , Horstmann et al, 2013 , Locke et al, 2015 , Vainik et al, 2018 ). About one-third of body mass index (BMI) and brain structure genes are shared ( Kennedy et al, 2019 ), and genetic factors influence the relationship between BMI and brain regions related to eating behavior ( Locke et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several articles have reported the high expression of obesity-related genes in the brain ( Kennedy et al, 2019 , Horstmann et al, 2013 , Locke et al, 2015 , Vainik et al, 2018 ). About one-third of body mass index (BMI) and brain structure genes are shared ( Kennedy et al, 2019 ), and genetic factors influence the relationship between BMI and brain regions related to eating behavior ( Locke et al, 2015 ). However, most studies on the association between the obesity gene and brain volumes have focused on one single obesity gene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the genetic correlation between obesity-related traits and regional brain volumes: Evidence from UK Biobank cohort

Pan

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2022

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Highlights Obesity-related SNPs are associated with regional brain volumes. FTO SNPs are negatively correlated with brain volumes in visual object recognition. Metabolically unhealthy variant is associated with reduced brain volumes in DA motive system. 5-HT4 pathway might be a potential therapeutic target for human obesity.

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“…To account for the sex-dimorphic in brain development, we conducted this BWAS for females and males separately. To ensure specificity of our finding, we accounted for potential confounding factors: polygenetic risk for obesity [ 23 ], family socioeconomical status [ 24 ], changes due to illegal drug use [ 25 ], and elevated depressive symptoms [ 26 ]. To validate and extend our results to a wider age range, we sought to replicate our findings using an independent sample with a mean age of 56.89 years (UK Biobank [ 27 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between childhood trauma and risk for obesity: a putative neurocognitive developmental pathway

Luo

Zhang²,

Huang

et al. 2020

BMC Med

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Background Childhood trauma increases the risk for adult obesity through multiple complex pathways, and the neural substrates are yet to be determined. Methods Participants from three population-based neuroimaging cohorts, including the IMAGEN cohort, the UK Biobank (UKB), and the Human Connectome Project (HCP), were recruited. Voxel-based morphometry analysis of both childhood trauma and body mass index (BMI) was performed in the longitudinal IMAGEN cohort; validation of the findings was performed in the UKB. White-matter connectivity analysis was conducted to study the structural connectivity between the identified brain region and subdivisions of the hypothalamus in the HCP. Results In IMAGEN, a smaller frontopolar cortex (FPC) was associated with both childhood abuse (CA) (β = − .568, 95%CI − .942 to − .194; p = .003) and higher BMI (β = − .086, 95%CI − .128 to − .043; p < .001) in male participants, and these findings were validated in UKB. Across seven data collection sites, a stronger negative CA-FPC association was correlated with a higher positive CA-BMI association (β = − 1.033, 95%CI − 1.762 to − .305; p = .015). Using 7-T diffusion tensor imaging data (n = 156), we found that FPC was the third most connected cortical area with the hypothalamus, especially the lateral hypothalamus. A smaller FPC at age 14 contributed to higher BMI at age 19 in those male participants with a history of CA, and the CA-FPC interaction enabled a model at age 14 to account for some future weight gain during a 5-year follow-up (variance explained 5.8%). Conclusions The findings highlight that a malfunctioning, top-down cognitive or behavioral control system, independent of genetic predisposition, putatively contributes to excessive weight gain in a particularly vulnerable population, and may inform treatment approaches.

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Shared genetic influences on adolescent body mass index and brain structure: A voxel-based morphometry study in twins

Cited by 10 publications

References 86 publications

Surgical Treatment for Refractory Aggression after Bacterial Meningitis Complicated by Stroke: Case Report

Surgical Treatment for Refractory Aggression after Bacterial Meningitis Complicated by Stroke: Case Report

Exploring the genetic correlation between obesity-related traits and regional brain volumes: Evidence from UK Biobank cohort

Association between childhood trauma and risk for obesity: a putative neurocognitive developmental pathway

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