“…Manifold learning is used in different machine vision applications such as CBIR [13], [14], [15], shape analysis [16], [17], face recognition [18], [19], [20], [21], facial expression recognition [22], [23], [24], tracking [25], [26], action recognition [27], [28], and pose estimation [29], [30]. A brief review of the manifold learning in machine vision applications are described below.…”