The bulk layered compound KLa 0.90 Sm 0.05 Nb 2 O 7 and its exfoliated form of La 0.90 Sm 0.05 Nb 2 O 7 nanosheet have been prepared, and their photoluminescence properties have been characterized. The photoluminescence emission of KLa 0.90 Sm 0.05 Nb 2 O 7 via host excitation is negligibly low in intensity, whereas the emission via direct Sm 3+ excitation has apparently been observed. On the contrary, the emission via direct Sm 3+ excitation is preferentially quenched, and the emission via host excitation becomes far more predominant than that via direct Sm 3+ excitation for the exfoliated La 0.90 Sm 0.05 Nb 2 O 7 nanosheet. From the comparison of photoluminescence properties between the bulk layered compound KLa 0.90 Sm 0.05 Nb 2 O 7 and its exfoliated form of La 0.90 Sm 0.05 Nb 2 O 7 nanosheet, the relative enhancement of the host excitation-mediated photoluminescence by exfoliation of bulk Ln-photoactivated layered phosphors into nanosheets as a general trend has become more apparent.