“…For instance, supervised learning techniques, including neural networks (NN) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], convolutional neural networks (CNN) [20][21][22][23][24][25][26], and recurrent neural networks (RNN) [27][28][29][30][31][32], can be adopted for prediction applications and classification applications in the electronics industries. Unsupervised learning techniques, including restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) [33,34], deep belief networks (DBN) [35], deep Boltzmann machine (DBM) [36], auto-encoders (AE) [37,38], and denoising auto-encoders (DAE) [39], can be used for denoising and generalization. Furthermore, reinforcement learning techniques, including generative adversarial networks (GANs) [40,41] and deep Q-networks (DQNs) [42], can be used to obtain generative networks and discriminative networks for contesting and optimizing in a zero-sum game framework.…”