Shape‐controlled synthesis of polyaniline and its synergistic effect with reduced graphene oxide for the fabrication of flexible electrode

Abstract

Composite of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and polyaniline (PANI) have gained much attention in industrial applications especially for the fabrication of supercapacitor and flexible sensors. Nevertheless, existing studies mainly focus on the application efficiency and are lacking information on how morphology of the nanoparticles can affect the electrode properties.Herein, the effects of shape of PANI on the electrode resistivity were systematically investigated. PANI of different shapes was synthesized using different reagents, namely H 2 SO 4 , CH 3 COOH, H 2 O, and NH 3 ÁH 2 O, which induced formation of globule, tube, plate, and flake-like PANI. rGO-PANI composite was then produced using ex situ method and cast on a PVC substrate to form a flexible electrode. The rGO-PANI globules displayed superior electrical conductivity owing to its high protonation level. The resistivity of this sample was found to be 0.015 ± 0.002 Ωcm, which is lowest as compared to the counterparts. Interestingly, electrode made of rGO-PANI plates had a slightly lower electrical resistivity than rGO-PANI tubes despite its low protonation level. It is speculate that the aspect ratio characteristic of the PANI might have influence the electron mobility. rGO-PANI electrode was found to exhibit a lower specific resistivity than pure rGO and pure PANI, evincing the presence of synergism.

Electrode Materials, Structural Design, and Storage Mechanisms in Hybrid Supercapacitors

“…Another promising negative electrode material for HSCs is graphene. Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon sheet with monoatomic layer thickness, has been widely explored as an ideal electrode material for SCs due to its unique properties, including its high theoretical surface area (2630 m 2 g −1 ) and high in-plane electrical conductivity [ 235 , 236 ]. It has brought a sensational revolution in the field of energy storage and conversion.…”

Design of dual‐conductive polyacrylonitrile‐based composite nanofiber: Synergistic effect of copper nanoparticles decorated‐boron nitride and polyaniline

“…12 PANI is usually preferred in applications such as biosensors, bioimaging, anticorrosion coatings, energy storage devices, soft electronics, and photocatalysis due to NH groups in its chains. 7,[13][14][15][16][17] Recently, the nanocomposites composed of PANI and inorganic components, such as metal or metal oxide, [18][19][20] graphene oxide (GO), 21,22 and boron nitride (BN), 23,24 etc., have attracted considerable attention from researchers as they exhibit unpredictable hybrid advantages derived synergistically. 25 BN is interested in high-temperature applications, for example, electronics and the chemical industry, due to its thermal conductivity (TC), electrical insulation, chemical stability, and lubrication features.…”