“Shangri-La” and the New “Great Game”: Exploring Tourism Geopolitics Between China and India

Hannam, Kevin

doi:10.1080/21568316.2013.789655

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Some controversial destinations are considered such because of established trade ethics, or rather the aversion to doing business with nations whose officials are known for human rights violations; others are partitioned states with differing political views (Webster and Timothy 2006). Hannam (2013, p. 178) explored the “geopolitical uncertainties” in China and India and found accounts of tourism from one country to the other to be “ambivalent at best” because the historical, cultural, economic, and religious perceptions of the other shape travelers’ experiences. Additionally, when national regimes alter their political stance, the economic landscape at the local level can allow more entrepreneurial endeavors from its citizens, which can result in unique authentic tourism experiences or, to the contrary, increased commercialization (Hingtgen et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Intention to Travel to Cuba across Three Time Horizons: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Jordan¹,

Boley

Knollenberg

et al. 2017

Journal of Travel Research

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As the relationship between Cuba and the United States evolves, many Americans are entertaining the idea of travel to Cuba. This study used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to examine predictors of US residents' intentions to travel to Cuba across three time horizons: 1 year, 5 years, and 10 years. TPB constructs were administered to a cross-sectional panel of US residents. Results varied by time horizon, with US residents' negative attitudes toward Cuba having a positive and significant influence on their intention to visit Cuba within one year. This finding suggests that some US residents match Plog's Allocentric profile of tourists and that the current "rough edges" of Cuba are what attract them to travel in the short rather than long term. Findings from this study provide baseline data that is valuable for Cuban and American tourism organizations, should the US market become more accessible.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Intention to Travel to Cuba across Three Time Horizons: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Jordan¹,

Boley

Knollenberg

et al. 2017

Journal of Travel Research

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“…Hall (2017) argues that geopolitics is not only concerned with the “occupation of space and territory,” but it is also concerned with the “political consequences of different ways of knowing and representing the world order” (p. 15). Accordingly, geopolitics is understood as the way a nation or its citizens view the world and “how the global landscape is structured into different nation-states,” which ultimately influences the structuring of foreign policy and the formation of bilateral relations between nations (Hannam 2013, p. 179). The study of geopolitics and tourism is dualistic, with some scholars examining how tourism “constitutes and reflects” geopolitical discourse.…”

Section: Politics and Tourism: A Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Politicized Tourism Consumption

Yang

2023

Journal of Macromarketing

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This commentary examines the increasing politicization of tourism and attempts to theorize the phenomenon through a multilevel analysis. Tourism scholars have examined the link between politics and tourism through the prism of sustainability, terrorism, geopolitics, and tourism development. However, these studies have focused on different tourism activities or encounters without theorizing the relationship between politics and tourism consumption. This commentary argues that the increasing influence of nationalism in global politics, which also affects tourism consumption, requires a new conceptualization. The theoretical premise of political consumption is used to guide the multilevel (macro, meso, and micro) analysis of two recent tourist boycotts: 1) the THAAD incident between South Korea and China and 2) the APA boycott by Chinese tourists.

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“…To a notable extent, it can provide embodied evidence to intensify or challenge the preexisting geographical imaginations of certain places or people (Crouch et al 2001). This conceptual approach is also very concerned about tourists as an independent agency that participates in or challenges existing geopolitical contexts via their own tourism and cultural experiences, including inside and outside the official government policymaking (Agnew 2003;Hannam 2013;An et al 2020).…”

Section: Travelling Abroad Experience and Geopolitical Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Travelling abroad and geopolitical preferences – case of Kharkiv, Dnipro and Mariupol, Ukraine

Gnatiuk

Mezentsev

Pidgrushnyi

2023

Fennia

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The paper investigates the relationship between travel abroad experience and individual geopolitical preferences in three geopolitical fault-line cities in the eastern part of Ukraine. Employing binary logistic regression as a principal research method, we show that travel experience to European countries positively correlates with pro-European attitudes and corresponds to weaker pro-Soviet sentiments. On the contrary, travel experience to Russia is associated with somewhat weaker support for European geopolitical and cultural integration but stronger pro-Soviet sentiments. Travel experience to Russia is less important predictor of geopolitical preferences than visiting European countries. Pro-European attitudes, compared with pro-Soviet sentiments, are much more interlinked with international travel experience. The data on bilateral travellers evidences that possible effect of visiting European countries basically neutralises the effect of visiting Russia in terms of impact on geopolitical preferences. Although the relationship between travel abroad experience and geopolitical preferences is similar in all three cities under investigation, certain variations between them may be explained by different economic, socio-cultural and institutional background. The revealed correlations seem to cover both direct causal effect of travel abroad on geopolitical preferences and a reverse causality, namely self-selection of destination country according to personal pre-existing geopolitical views. The importance of discovered relationships for the integration of Ukrainian society into European civilization project is apparent not only considering visa-free regime between Ukraine and the European Union (EU), but also in view of the Russian military invasion in 2022 as a cause of flows of refugees from Ukraine to Europe.

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“Shangri-La” and the New “Great Game”: Exploring Tourism Geopolitics Between China and India

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Predictors of Intention to Travel to Cuba across Three Time Horizons: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Predictors of Intention to Travel to Cuba across Three Time Horizons: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Politicized Tourism Consumption

Travelling abroad and geopolitical preferences – case of Kharkiv, Dnipro and Mariupol, Ukraine

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