Shame and guilt in youth at ultra-high risk for psychosis

Park, Hye Yoon; Seo, Eunchong; Park, Kyungmee; Koo, Se Jun; Lee, Eun; An, Suk Kyoon

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152241

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Contrary to our hypothesis, and the literature that suggest that SCEs are heavily dependent on cognition, we found only a couple of significant correlations with our self- disgust measures. In line with previous studies [ 57 , 58 , 94 , 95 ] higher levels of trait self-disgust were associated with poorer ToM ability for negative emotions. In addition, higher levels of narration-induced state self-disgust were associated with a greater reduction after cognitive reappraisal.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Similarly, Zinck proposed that SCEs may depend heavily on ToM capacity [ 56 ]. Only two studies [ 57 , 58 ] have examined the relationship between ToM ability and SCEs, without including self-disgust however. Park et al [ 58 ] concluded that ToM was a significant predictor of trait guilt, but not shame, in participants at ultra-high risk for psychosis and healthy controls, whereas Heerey et al [ 57 ] concluded that worse ability to recognise SCEs in children with autism spectrum disorder was related to their poorer ToM ability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frontal lobe-related cognition in the context of self-disgust

Aristotelidou

Overton

Vivas³

2023

PLoS ONE

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Self- disgust is an adverse self-conscious emotion that plays an important role in psychopathology and well-being. However, self-disgust has received little attention in the emotion literature, therefore our understanding of the processes underlying the experience of self-disgust is relatively scarce, although neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies support the idea that this emotion may heavily rely on frontal lobe-related cognition. To test this hypothesis, in two studies we investigated the relationship between state and trait levels of self-disgust, cognition and emotion regulation in healthy adults. Specifically, in Study 1 we tested the hypothesis that emotion regulation strategies (avoidance, suppression, and cognitive reappraisal) mediate the relationship between inhibition ability and state and trait levels of self-disgust. In Study 2, we followed a more comprehensive approach to test the hypothesis that frontal lobe-related cognitive processes (updating, Theory of Mind–ToM-, and self-attention) are closely related to the experience of self-disgust in healthy adults. Overall, across these studies, we found evidence to support the idea that inhibition ability and ToM may play a role in the experience of state and trait self-disgust, respectively. However, we did not find consistent evidence across the two studies to support the notion held in the literature that the experience of self- conscious emotions, in this case self-disgust, is heavily dependent on frontal lobe-related cognition.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal lobe-related cognition in the context of self-disgust

Aristotelidou

Overton

Vivas³

2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Because the moderating effect of CT between ToMq and HCC refers to the interaction between ToMq and CT on HCC, the association between poorer ToM ability and higher HCC only in the CT+ group implies that aberrant HPA axis function is demonstrated by the effect of CT on increasing an individual’s sensitivity to stress (Stroud et al, 2018 ) in conjunction with poor social cognition. Regarding the measure of ToM ability, the mean ToM scores in our healthy adults (mean [SD], ToMs: 34.11 [2.98], ToMq: 21.97 [1.21]) are similar to those from previous studies in Korea (Jeon et al ( 2013 ): ToMs: 33.0 [3.7], ToMq: 21.4 [2.0]; Park et al ( 2021 ): ToMs: 34.0 [3.0], ToMq: 22.0 [1.2]) although direct comparison is not possible. Regarding the ToM scores, there were no significant differences in both ToMq and ToMs between CT+ and CT– groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Theory of mind and hair cortisol in healthy young adults: the moderating effects of childhood trauma

Lee

Park

Bang

et al. 2022

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Experiences of negative social interactions and childhood trauma (CT) can lead to aberrant hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal functions. Poor theory of mind (ToM) ability is related to increased social stress levels; however, studies on the relationship between ToM and cortisol remain scarce. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between ToM and the hair cortisol concentration (HCC) in healthy young adults considering the moderating role of CT. Method: A total of 206 healthy young adults were divided into two groups based on an experience of moderate-to-severe childhood trauma (CT+ and CT–). To determine whether CT moderated the relationship between ToM and HCC, moderation analysis was conducted controlling for age, sex, years of education, and scores of perceived stress, depression, and anxiety. Results: CT+ individuals reported higher subjective stress perception and depressive symptoms than CT– individuals, whereas anxiety-related symptoms, ToM, and HCC were not different between the groups. The experience of CT significantly moderated the relationship between ToM and HCC. The association between poorer ToM ability and higher HCC was significant only in CT+ group. Conclusion: CT is a moderator of the association between ToM and HCC, indicating the importance of CT in social cognition and the stress response.

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“…16 This discrepancy between self-reported and experimental measures of ToM has also been presented by other studies. 32 For instance, studies have shown very small positive correlations between the IRI and ToM experimental approaches [32][33][34] or differences between groups restricted to one dimension of the cognitive empathy subscale of the IRI and experimental ToM measures. 33,34 This is in line with results of a recent meta-analysis indicating that self-report scores for cognitive empathy account for approximately 1% of the variance in behavioral cognitive empathy assessment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32 For instance, studies have shown very small positive correlations between the IRI and ToM experimental approaches [32][33][34] or differences between groups restricted to one dimension of the cognitive empathy subscale of the IRI and experimental ToM measures. 33,34 This is in line with results of a recent meta-analysis indicating that self-report scores for cognitive empathy account for approximately 1% of the variance in behavioral cognitive empathy assessment. 35 The findings in this systematic review point to an increased ability of ToM in the peripartum period that is only detected by means of experimental ToM tasks but is not perceived by parents themselves when assessed with selfreport measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of mind during pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review

Hof

Straathof

Spalek

et al. 2023

J Neuroendocrinology

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Pregnancy is associated with prominent structural changes in brain areas involved in Theory of Mind (ToM), pointing to the possibility of modifications in ToM‐related behavior and brain responses in parents. We performed a systematic review screening for studies that examined ToM in pregnant and/or early postpartum parents. The evaluation of the included 12 studies allowed us to construct an overview of ToM changes during pregnancy and postpartum as well as other associated factors, such as oxytocin, mental health, and parental behavior. Four studies examined ToM changes by comparing pregnant/early postpartum parents with nulliparous parents or prepregnancy measures. They reported no differences between groups measured with a self‐report questionnaire but found group differences using an experimental approach. The results from the summarized studies further suggest a mediatory role of oxytocin between ToM and certain parental behavior. In addition, while no link between postpartum depression and ToM was observed, findings do point to an association between depressive and remote maternal behavior and anxious attachment style and ToM abilities in pregnant participants. Research findings regarding the interaction of ToM with both parity and maternal attachment to the fetus are ambivalent. Overall, research on this topic is scarce, limiting our ability to draw firm conclusions and stressing the need for further research on this topic. This review presents an overview of research findings on ToM and associated factors in pregnancy and the postpartum period and discusses directions for future research.

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Shame and guilt in youth at ultra-high risk for psychosis

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

Frontal lobe-related cognition in the context of self-disgust

Frontal lobe-related cognition in the context of self-disgust

Theory of mind and hair cortisol in healthy young adults: the moderating effects of childhood trauma

Theory of mind during pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review

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